中国真菌学杂志编辑部

初一学生评语模板荐读

BEIJING, Jan. 4 -- China International Capital Corp (CICC) topped the rankings of the underwriters of China's initial public offerings (IPOs) in 2009, making an estimated 1.23 billion yuan from fees, Bloomberg data showed.     The earning of the country's largest investment bank was boosted by underwriting the China State Construction Engineering Corp's 50.1 billion yuan IPO, the world's second-largest in 2009. CICC also took two other heavyweight companies public, China Shipbuilding Co Ltd and China CNR Co Ltd, raising 14.7 billion yuan and 13.9 billion yuan respectively.     CITIC Securities, the top underwriter in 2008, fell to the No 2 spot in the ranking, making 855 million yuan from IPO deals totaling 28.7 billion yuan, according to Bloomberg data. The third slot went to Orient Securities, which earned 258 million yuan from IPO deals worth 11.9 bllion yuan.     IPOs are among the most lucrative advisory businesses for Chinese securities firms as China has witnessed an IPO boom since it reopened the market last June after a 10-month halt blamed on the widespread global credit crunch.     Chinese securities companies saw an exponential growth in their revenues from the IPO business, making a total of 4.76 billion yuan from underwriting fees, doubling the 2.35 billion yuan in 2008. But the earnings still lagged far behind the 7.61 billion yuan made during the pre-crisis period in 2007.     Last year, 43 Chinese securities firms helped 111 companies go public on the mainland's A-share market, raising 202.2 billion yuan. The value of the IPO deals taken by the top 10 underwriters accounted for more than 70 percent of the total IPO values.     Market insiders said the IPOs of heavyweight companies will remain the target for large investment bank and securities companies such as CICC and CITIC Securities next year while small and medium securities companies will make start-up board ChiNext their primary focus.     Stock prices of listed securities companies soared sharply in the past two weeks, mainly stimulated by unconfirmed reports that China's State Council has given the final nod for the introduction of index futures in 2010.     Analysts said Chinese securities companies would likely see a surge in revenues this year after the regulators announce a clear timetable for the launch of the index futures, margin trading and short selling.     "The new products will certainly boost the earnings and valuations of the brokerage stocks," said Cheng Binbin, an analyst with Qilu Securities "It not only means strong profit growth for securities firms in the future but also a gradual transition toward a more risk-diversified business model."     It is forecast that margin trading and short selling will likely contribute 9.41 to 14.3 billion yuan in revenues of securities companies in 2010 while index futures will contribute 5.76 to 6.34 billion yuan.     The net profit of China's brokerage industry may reach 90 billion yuan in 2009, a year-on-year increase of 90 percent, according to an estimate by Guotai Junan Securities.     Meanwhile, foreign banks also grabbed a share of the lucrative pie of China's booming capital market last year with Swiss bank UBS ranked the largest underwriter of Chinese overseas IPOs. The bank contracted 8 million in underwriting fees from Chinese companies that sought IPOs in the Hong Kong market, worth a total of billion last year, Bloomberg data showed.     Mergers and acquisitions (M&As) made by the Chinese companies remained the traditional cash cow for foreign investment banks in 2009. Morgan Stanley was the No 1 financial advisor in M&A deals worth .9 billion on the Chinese mainland and Hong Kong, according to Bloomberg data.     The largest M&A deal in 2009 made by a Chinese company was the .5 billion acquisition of Swiss oil company Addax Petroleum by China's largest oil refiner, Sinopec.

BEIJING, Dec. 11 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao Friday highly praised the achievement of the Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR) over the past decade, ahead of the 10th anniversary of the region's return to the motherland.     Hu, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, said Macao was "embracing a bright future" thanks to the mainland's support and Macao compatriots' hard work. Hu made the remarks while attending an exhibition in Beijing marking Macao's achievements in the past 10 years.     "Macao has undergone an extraordinary development over the past decade," he said, adding under the support of the central government and the Chinese mainland, the SAR government fully implemented the policies of "one country, two systems", "Macao people governing Macao" with a high degree of autonomy and the Basic Law. Chinese President Hu Jintao (2nd R) visits the exhibition of achievements made by Macao Special Administrative Region in the decade since its establishment on Dec. 20, 1999, at the Capital Museum in Beijing, capital of China, on Dec. 11, 2009.     The "one country, two systems" concept was proposed by former Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping in the early 1980s for the reunification of China. Under the mechanism, Hong Kong and Macao retained their capitalist systems after returning to the motherland.     Hu said the SAR government, together with Macao residents, overcame various difficulties and challenges to advance economic development, ensure social stability and improve people's livelihood.     He encouraged Macao compatriots and the SAR government to strive for the region's better prospect.     Dec. 20 will mark the 10th anniversary of Macao's return.     Top legislator Wu Bangguo, Premier Wen Jiabao, top political advisor Jia Qinglin, and other senior leaders Li Changchun, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang, He Guoqiang and Zhou Yongkang, all Standing Committee members of the Political Bureau of CPC Central Committee, visited the exhibition.     On Friday morning, Vice President Xi attended the opening ceremony and unveiled the exhibition.     At the ceremony, Edmund Ho Hau Wah, chief executive of Macao SAR, thanked the central government for its support to the SAR since Macao's return in 1999 from Portuguese rule.     This exhibition of photos, texts and other items is open to the public from Saturday to Jan. 13 next year.

BEIJING, Oct. 29 (Xinhua) -- Sino-U.S. ties have been warmed up for U.S. President Barack Obama's upcoming China visit by frequent contacts between high-level officials from both sides, Chinese experts said Thursday.     The 20th meeting of China-U.S. Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade (JCCT) was officially convened on Thursday morning in China's eastern city of Hangzhou.     This year's JCCT talks, highlighted by U.S. Commerce Secretary Gary Locke, Trade Representative Ron Kirk and Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, were widely seen as part of preparations for the presidential summit next month.     "Today's JCCT meeting laid a solid groundwork and made full preparations for President Obama's visit in two weeks, which will help build the positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-U.S. relations toward the 21st century," China's Minister of Commerce Chen Deming said at the end of talks.     In the meantime, Xu Caihou, vice chairman of China's Central Military Commission, was paying his first visit to the United States under the Obama administration.     During his talks with U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, Xu and Gates explored ways to further military-to-military cooperation and reached agreement on seven points, which included Gates' visit to China in 2010 and mutual visits of warships.     The agreement on conducting joint maritime searches and rescue exercises has already had the embryonic form of crisis management mechanism, said Ding Xinghao, president of the Shanghai Association of American Studies.     During the 11-day visit, the Chinese general was also invited to visit some sensitive military sites, including the Strategic Command Headquarter, which was in charge of nuclear weapons and cyber war.     Xu's visits to the sensitive military sites showed the U.S. military's willingness to promote mutual trust with the Chinese military, said Fu Mengzi, a researcher with the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations.     Since the Obama administration took office, Sino-U.S. relations have witnessed a smooth transition and maintained a good momentum of development.     In June 2009, the defense ministries of China and the United States held the 10th defense consultation. In July, the two countries held their first round strategic and economic dialogue. In August, the two militaries held the maritime military security consultation.     In addition, Obama issued a "presidential determination" On Sept. 29 that shifted authority for approving sales to China of missile and space technology from the White House to the Commerce Department, a move viewed by experts as Washington's delivery of goodwill to Beijing.     It was also noteworthy that U.S. Deputy Secretary of State James B. Steinberg proposed a new term to describe U.S.-China relations in his keynote address entitled "Administration's Vision of the U.S.-China Relationship" at the Center for a New American Security in Washington on Sept. 24.     "Strategic reassurance", as Steinberg noted, means that "just as we and our allies must make clear that we are prepared to welcome China's 'arrival'...China must reassure the rest of the world that its development and growing global role will not come at the expense of security and well-being of others."     This term captured the crux of Sino-U.S. ties, said Niu Xinchun, vice director of the Center for American Studies at the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations. "It is aimed at realizing the strategic mutual trust between the two countries."     The foundation for the sustained and stable development of bilateral ties lies in mutual trust, he said, but trade frictions between the two nations show that mutual trust still needs to be strengthened.     Obama announced in September to impose 35 percent punitive tariffs on all car and light truck tires from China for three years.     Just on Tuesday, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced preliminary determination that intended to impose a tariff up to 12 percent on the steel grafting and steel strand imported from China, valued 269 million U.S. dollars.     In addition, China and the United States still have differences on some issues concerning China's core interests, such as U.S. arms sales to Taiwan and Tibet-related issues.     Although both sides have the willingness to enhance mutual trust, it is still difficult for them to fulfill the goal, said Fu Mengzi, adding it needs sustained efforts from both sides.     "Sino-U.S. relations are now standing at a new historical starting point," said Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan at the opening ceremony of the 20th JCCT meeting. "President Obama's first China visit will surely provide new opportunities for bilateral cooperation."

seo优化什么

BEIJING, Nov. 12 (Xinhua) -- A new pricing mechanism of fuel surcharge that links it with airlines' jet fuel costs has been introduced to offset rising jet fuel costs, China's top economic planner announced here Thursday.     The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), together with the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC), said in a statement on its website that the fuel surcharge keep abreast with China's jet fuel comprehensive purchasing costs.     The new mechanism, which would take effect on Nov. 14, aims to "help the airlines with fluctuating fuel prices", as jet fuel costs usually account for 40 percent of the total costs of China's airline companies, said the statement.     Under the new mechanism, airline companies could decide themselves whether to charge fuel surcharge and how much to charge if jet fuel comprehensive purchasing cost, which is the weighted average of domestic factory-gate prices for jet fuel and prices of imported fuel, reaches certain level.     Currently, the surcharge level was set uniformly by the government.     According to the new mechanism, when jet fuel comprehensive purchasing cost is lower than 4140 yuan per tonne, the benchmark price of jet fuel, airline companies should not charge fuel surcharge.     When jet fuel comprehensive purchasing cost exceeds the level, the companies should digest at least 20 percent of the rising cost and then charge appropriate surcharge, the statement said.     Also, fuel surcharge should be reduced or canceled within five days after jet fuel comprehensive purchasing cost drops, it said.     China raised gasoline and diesel prices both by 480 yuan (70.28U.S. dollars) per tonne Tuesday. The benchmark price of gasoline reached 7,100 yuan a tonne and that of diesel 6,360 yuan a tonne, according to the NDRC.

BEIJING, Dec. 4 (Xinhua) -- China's top legislator Wu Bangguo met here Friday with Kazakhstan's First Deputy Prime Minister Umirzak Shukeev.     Wu, chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), said China and Kazakhstan are friendly neighbors and strategic partners. Wu Bangguo (R, front), chairman of China's National People's Congress Standing Committee, meets with Kazakhstan's First Deputy Prime Minister Umirzak Shukeev (L, front) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 4, 2009. Umirzak Shukeev is here in China to attend the fifth meeting of the China-Kazakhstan Cooperative Commission.He said the Chinese side set a high value on firm support from Kazakhstan on issues of Taiwan, Tibet, and fighting "East Turkistan" forces.     China will continue as always to support Kazakhstan in safeguarding national sovereignty, security and promoting socio-economic development, he said. Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan (R Front) shakes hands with Kazakhstan's First Deputy Prime Minister Umirzak Shukeev after they signed the summary of the fifth meeting of the China-Kazakhstan Cooperation Committee in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 4, 2009Shukeev visits China to co-chair the fifth meeting of the China-Kazakhstan Cooperative Commission with Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan. During the meeting, more than 20 Chinese, Kazakh officials, ranging from trade and energy to environment and transportation laid out plans for future cooperation.     Wu said the commission has played an active role in promoting bilateral cooperation. He hopes the consensus and agreements reached in the fifth meeting can be carried out as soon as possible to deepen cooperation between the two sides in various fields.     Shukeev said Kazakhstan attaches great importance to relations with China, and is willing to work with China to give full play to the role of the committee, in order to promote the strategic partnership between Kazakhstan and China.Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan (R2 Front) and Kazakhstan's First Deputy Prime Minister Umirzak Shukeev (L2 Front) sign the summary of the fifth meeting of the China-Kazakhstan Cooperation Committee in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 4, 2009.

SINGAPORE, Nov. 12 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao said here Thursday that China and Singapore should strive to create new opportunities for bilateral cooperation in an effort to achieve economic recovery at an early date.     Hu made the remarks during a speech at a reception held by Singapore business circles, which was also attended by Singapore's Deputy Prime Minister Wong Kan Seng. Chinese President Hu Jintao delivers a speech during a reception held by Singapore business circles in Singapore, Nov. 12, 2009.The Chinese president expressed full confidence in the prospect of China-Singapore trade and economic cooperation, calling for the two nations to work together to create an even brighter future for their mutually beneficial cooperation.     China and Singapore have maintained close high-level contacts and achieved fruitful cooperation in various fields since they established diplomatic ties in 1990, said Hu, who is on a state visit to Singapore.     Singapore has now become an important cooperative partner of China in the ASEAN region and bilateral trade and economic cooperation between the two nations have been growing steadily, the Chinese president said.     "China-Singapore cooperation has always been closely connected with the development strategy of both countries and progressed with times," Hu said.     The "flagship projects" in bilateral cooperation, including the Suzhou Industrial Park and Tianjin Eco-City projects, have seen remarkable achievements and smooth progress, Hu said.     He added that the implementation of a free trade arrangement between China and Singapore has helped raise the level of their economic cooperation.     The friendly and mutually beneficial cooperation between China and Singapore has not only brought about substantial benefits to their people, but also helped promote regional peace, stability and prosperity, he stressed.     China will staunchly adhere to the path of peaceful development and the opening-up strategy for mutual benefits and win-win situations. It will continue to develop friendly cooperation with countries around the world on the basis of the five principles of peaceful coexistence, the president said.     The country will also continue to work with nations globally to strive to build a harmonious world with lasting peace and common prosperity, he said.     The business circles of Singapore voiced their belief that a stable and prosperous China would bring benefits to the region and the world as a whole.     They also expressed the willingness to continue to play an active role in advancing mutually beneficial cooperation and bilateral ties between Singapore and China.     Trade between China and Singapore reached 52.4 billion U.S. dollars in 2008, up 10.5 percent year-on-year.     Up until now, Singapore has made investments worth more than 40 billion U.S. dollar in China. It has become one of the top overseas investment destinations for Chinese companies.

seo提高关键词排名

BEIJING, Nov. 15 (Xinhua) -- China should enhance supervision and management of the country's insurance investment, said Li Kemu, vice chairman of the China Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC),on Sunday.     "With insurance funds were extended into disparate fields, other than bank deposit, demand for a better supervision and risk control enhanced, said Li at the International Finance Forum held in Beijing.     By the end of September, 3.4 trillion yuan (497.8 billion U.S. dollars) of insurance funds were invested in bonds, mutual funds, and stocks markets. Bonds investment alone accounted for 50.6 percent of the total.     Jiang Dingzhi, China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) Vice Chairman also highlighted the importance of establishing a "all-coverage" financial supervision system.     He suggested the country broaden the financial supervision and management system, which would put the mutual funds, hedge funds, and credit risks appraisal agencies under control.     The new system requires financial institutions to share information, and also cooperate to fill the supervision blanks between different financial markets, he said.

BEIJING, Nov. 18 (Xinhua) -- China disagrees to the suggestion of a "Group of Two" (G2), Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said at a meeting with visiting U.S. President Barack Obama here on Wednesday.     China is still a developing country with a huge population and has a long way to go before it becomes modernized, Wen said, stressing "We must always keep sober-minded over it".Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao meets visiting U.S. President Barack Obama in Beijing on Nov. 18, 2009. China pursues the independent foreign policy of peace and will not align with any country or country blocks, Wen said.     Global issues should decided by all nations in the world, rather than one or two countries, he added.     "Meanwhile, we believe Sino-U.S. cooperation can play a unique role in advancing the establishment of the new international political and economic order, as well as promoting world peace, stability and prosperity," Wen said.     Wen noted that the bilateral trade volume between China and the United States has increased greatly since the two countries established diplomatic ties 30 years ago. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao meets visiting U.S. President Barack Obama in Beijing on Nov. 18, 2009    "This is in the fundamental interests of both countries and their people," Wen said. "We do not pursue trade surplus and I hope the United States would lift its policy of restricting high-tech products exports to China and increase their proportion in the U.S. exports to China.     "Meanwhile, our two countries should strengthen mutual investment and cooperation in such fields as energy, environmental protection and high technology for a more balanced bilateral trade," Wen said.     The revival of world trade and investment is beneficial to the global effort to cope with the financial crisis and help accelerate the recovery of the world economy, he said.     "China and the United States should work together to fight against protectionism in trade and investment," Wen said.     Obama, who described U.S.-China relations as of global significance, said U.S.-China cooperation is crucial as far as major global issues such as economic recovery, climate change and regional and global peace are concerned.     He hoped the two countries would abandon distrust and misunderstanding, strengthen exchange and cooperation, so as to push U.S.-China relations forward.     The United States appreciates and supports the Chinese government's efforts in developing the economy and reducing poverty, said Obama, adding that the development of China is beneficial to the world.     The United States and China are important trade partners for each other, which has brought huge benefits to both countries, while trade protectionism does no good to either side, Obama said.     He said the United States appreciates China's efforts to adjustthe economic structure, expand domestic demand, protect intellectual property rights and reform the Renminbi exchange rateregime.     The United States would properly handle bilateral trade frictions so that they would not harm the interests of the two countries, Obama said.     The United States has noted China's concern over the export control to China and is willing to take measures and increase high-tech product exports to China, he added.     Before their formal meeting in the State Guesthouse Wednesday morning, Wen said Obama's fruitful visit, the first state visit to China since he took office in January, would be of far-reaching significance.     He expressed his "sincere hope" that Obama's China visit would lift the comprehensive and cooperative China-US relations to a new level.     "The history of Sino-US relations has made it clear that cooperation benefits both sides while confrontation results in harms, and mutual trust brings progress while suspicion causes setbacks," Wen said.     Cooperation is better than containment, dialogue is better than confrontation, and partnership is better than rival ship, he added.     Wen and Obama also exchanged views on global climate change, the Korean Peninsula situation, the Middle East issue and Doha round of world trade talks.     Obama arrived in Shanghai on Sunday night to kick off his four-day visit to China, where on Monday he met with municipal officials and college students and then flied to Beijing in the afternoon.     On Tuesday in Beijing, Chinese President Hu Jintao held talks with Obama, and they reached a wide range of agreements on furthering strategic mutual trust, maintaining exchanges at all levels and meeting global and regional challenges together.     A joint statement was issued after the talks.     Obama also met with China' top legislator Wu Bangguo during his stay in Beijing.

什么叫seo

ADELAIDE, Australia, Nov. 28 (Xinhua) -- China Giant Pandas Wang Wang and Funi arrived at Australia's Adelaide airport on a chartered jumbo jet from China on Saturday. The pandas were welcomed at their new digs in the Adelaide Zoo after arriving in a climate-controlled semi-trailer escorted by police.     They will spend the next 30 days in quarantine in their specially built enclosure at the Zoo before going to the public on Dec. 13.     The CEO of Adelaide Zoo Dr. Chris West and the Cultural Councilor of Embassy of the People's Republic of China in Australia Ke Yasha with a crowd of about 100 local people greeted them at the Airport.     Ke said, "Nearly 400 Chinese people welcomed the arrival of the Giant Pandas in Chinatown despite the poor weather." Giant panda Fu Ni eats fruits at Adelaide Zoo in Adelaide city of Australia, Nov. 28, 2009. A giant panda couple, Wang Wang and Fu Ni, arrived in Australia Saturday for a 10-year stay, the first of the endangered species to live in the southern hemisphere    "Wang Wang and Funi will spend the next month in quarantine, ensconced inside the enclosure which includes some innovative features such as refrigerated rocks to ensure they can handle the heat of the summer."     A total of 175 Australian families planting bamboo will provide enough food for Wang Wang and Funi, he added.     It is expected the pandas will be released into the outdoor part of their enclosure early in the new year.     The pandas will spend 10 years in Australia, according to an agreement by the governments of the two countries.  Staff members unload giant pandas from China at the airport of Adelaide, Australia, Nov. 28, 2009. A giant panda couple, Wang Wang and Fu Ni, arrived in Australia Saturday for a 10-year stay, the first of the endangered species to live in the southern hemisphere.

GUANGZHOU, Nov. 1 (Xinhua) -- China is to maintain basic stability and continuity in the economic policies and RMB exchange rate to ensure a foreseeable prospect for its businesses.     Minister of Commerce Chen Deming made the remarks Sunday at the Canton Fair, an important barometer of China's foreign trade, in Guangzhou City, capital of southern Guangdong Province.     In the following months, China would maintain stability of the macro-economic policies, stick to the proactive fiscal policy and moderately easy monetary policy, Chen said.     Meanwhile, the RMB exchange rate should also maintain relatively stable so that domestic manufacturers and exporters can better predict and adjust to the market, Chen added.     Chen said the number of participants to the fair and the trade volume showed China's foreign trade was recovering, but uncertainties remained.     Chen urged Chinese enterprises to enhance their competitiveness with better quality and lower cost by technological upgrading and restructuring. "Next year, our focus will be on the quality of export products," he said.     "Enhancing competitiveness with better product quality and brand-building is also an effective way of avoiding trade protectionism," Chen added.     In the previous three quarters this year, 19 countries and regions have launched 88 trade remedy investigations against Chinese goods, totaling 10.2 billion U.S. dollars.     "In addition to the recovering export, China's import is also on the rise, contributing significantly to the recovery of the world economy," Chen said.