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品味言语在语文味中解读文本

BEIJING, Oct. 19 (Xinhua) -- The Communist Party of China (CPC) issued a policy document on Sunday urging the improved social welfare enjoyed by the country's 900 million rural population.     The Decision on Major Issues Concerning the Advancement of Rural Reform and Development was approved by the CPC Central Committee on Oct. 12 in a plenary session.     RURAL CULTURE AND EDUCATION     The document urged for further cultural development in the country's rural areas, quoting that "rural cultural development is of great importance to building a new socialist countryside."     It demanded TV, radio and movies be more accessible in the rural areas, and more community cultural centers to be set up in the villages along with countryside libraries.     Cultural products based on rural lives and activities, which the farmers are willing to participate and have easy access to should be encouraged, the document said.     It urged urban organizations to go to the countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical services to farmers, and help them break away from superstitions and build a harmonious society that advocated gender equality and honesty. Local farmers work in the fields in Wenxian County of Longnan City, northwest China's Gansu Province, on Oct. 19, 2008. Reconstruction on agriculture is accelerated in Longnan, the province's most suffered area in the May 12 earthquake that devastated China's southwest and northwest regions    The document also said efforts must be made to improve the education level in rural areas, especially for the left-behind children, those whose parents are both working in the cities, and children from economically-challenged families.     Professional trainings should be provided in townships to train farmers, while college students were encouraged to go the countryside to work.     Quality of teachers in the rural areas would be improved, along with their salaries and working conditions, the document said.     SOCIAL WELFARE AND RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE     In addition, efforts must be made to ensure all farmers can enjoy basic medicare service by sticking to the rural cooperative medical system, the document said.     It demanded every county and township should have its own medical institution, while villages in the rural areas were also encouraged to set up medical stations to provide "safe and inexpensive medical service" to farmers.     Endemic diseases, infectious diseases and disease that affects both human beings and livestock must be closely guarded against, with the focus on prevention of such illness.     The one-child policy must be adhered to in the countryside to retain a low birth rate in the rural areas, and to deal with a disproportional sex ratio, the document said.     It also demanded to accelerate the construction of a comprehensive social welfare system in the countryside.     A new old age insurance system in the rural areas should be established in the countryside with the premiums paid by the beneficiaries and the collective and government subsidies. Authorities should find ways to incorporate the system with the urban old-age insurance system, it said.     In addition, the livelihood of farmers whose land had been requisitioned must be guaranteed before the requisition procedure, the document said.     The rural minimum living allowance system must be perfected with larger subsidies from the central and provincial budget, to cover all applicable with improved benefits.     Living standards of those who receive five guarantees, namely food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses provided by local governments for their lack of relatives and working abilities, should be in accordance with the average living standards of the neighborhood, the document demanded.     It also urged to improve the relief system to help farmers affected by natural disasters and boost social welfare for the old, the handicapped, the poor and orphans.     Prevention of disability and rehabilitation for the disabled must also be strengthened in the countryside, the document said.     The document highlighted the importance of infrastructure construction in the rural areas.     The committee vowed to ensure villagers to have safe drinking water within five years and townships be connected by cement roads by the end of 2010.     Efforts should be made to develop renewable energy resources, including methane, wind and solar energy, it said, adding Internet service would be accessible for more farmers.     POVERTY REDUCTION AND DISASTER RELIEF     The committee pledged to provide more low-income farmers with financial aid and give more assistance to people in remote areas, revolutionary bases, ethnic minority regions and poverty-stricken places.     International cooperation should be enhanced to fight poverty in the countryside, it read.     To install an upgraded natural disaster forecasting system and raise farmers' awareness of emergency response and relief was also one of the document's high points.     The capacity of forecasting disastrous weather, ecological disasters and monitoring earthquakes should be strengthened and more needs to be done to promote farmers' disaster prevention and relief awareness, it said.     The paper also set the direction for public facility safety standards, saying schools and hospital buildings should all be safe and up to construction standards.     All-out efforts should be made to restore the agriculture work in the area struck by the May 12 Sichuan earthquake and more measures need to be adopted to heal and improve the ecological conditions in the quake-hit region, it noted.     HARMONIOUS SOCIETY IN THE COUNTRYSIDE     It also emphasized the importance of maintaining a "harmonious" and "stable" environment in the countryside.     More channels should be opened to solicit farmers' opinions and address their complaints and problems, said the paper, adding leaders should pay frequent visits to farmers and solve villagers' problems at the grassroot level.     The committee further underscored ethnic relations. The equal, united, mutually-aided and harmonious ethnic relations should be consolidated and developed, it said.     Interference with village affairs by any religious groups or clans would be objected; evil cults in villages were prohibited and any mafia-style force would incur severe crackdown, it said. Local farmers work in the fields in Wenxian County of Longnan City, northwest China's Gansu Province, on Oct. 19, 2008. Reconstruction on agriculture is accelerated in Longnan, the province's most suffered area in the May 12 earthquake that devastated China's southwest and northwest regions

TAIPEI, Nov. 4 (Xinhua) -- Taiwan's ruling Kuomintang (KMT) honorary chairman Lien Chan said Tuesday that the new agreements between the Chinese mainland and Taiwan "earn a real applause" and could benefit both sides.     Lien held a banquet in Taipei to welcome the mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS) president Chen Yunlin and his delegation.     "From a historical perspective, Chen's visit realizes a decade-old wish of President Wang Daohan and Chairman Koo Chen-fu, announces the establishment of an institutionalized consultation channel, and strengthens the base of cross-Straits mutual development and mutual benefits, " Lien said in his address.     In April 1993, late ARATS President Wang and Koo, late chairman of Taiwan-based Straits Exchange Foundation (SEF), held a historic "Wang-Koo meeting" in Singapore. It was the first public meeting between leaders of the two organizations.     Lien said Chen's current visit also symbolized a great step toward establishing mutual trust and achieving a win-win situation.     Chen and SEF chairman Chiang Pin-kung signed agreements on direct shipping and flights, postal services and food safety during their first summit in Taipei on Tuesday.     The agreements were expected to end a situation that has prevailed since 1949, which required air and sea movements between the Chinese mainland and Taiwan to go through a third place. Kuomintang honorary chairman Lien Chan (L) presents a gift to mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS) President Chen Yunlin in Taipei, southeast China's Taiwan Province Nov. 4, 2008. Lien held a banquet for Chen and his delegation here on TuesdayLien, then KMT chairman, held a historic meeting with Hu Jintao, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, in 2005, the first such meeting after six decades.     Lien said he was honored to build a "shared vision" with Hu for the cross-Straits peaceful development. The three ensuing CPC-KMT forums, which had 48 fruitful deals, had greatly promoted cross-Straits exchanges and cooperation in fields such as economy, trade, culture, education and youth exchanges.     The ARATS delegation's visit was a key step in history, he said.     Chen said in his address that his "best dream of his life" was to sign the four agreements together with Chiang "on the lovely earth of Taiwan".     "For such a visit, many great efforts have been made ... and the ARATS and the SEF have signed six deals over the past five months, completing tasks that may take 60 years to achieve. The Taiwan side has made positive efforts," he said.     Three of the four deals signed on Tuesday concerned cross-Straits issues of "three direct links" of shipping, flights and postal services, which was "good news" for compatriots on both sides, Chen said.     "The future will tell that it is a right decision which would bring benefits to people on both sides," he said, adding the result would also comfort Wang and Koo who had passed away.     The ARATS and SEF would "bravely move on with steadier steps" so as to open a new era of peaceful development across the Straits, Chen said.     Taiwan's mainland affairs department chief Lai Shin-yuan said when meeting with Chen that "the mainland and Taiwan could solve misunderstandings step by step so long as the two sides could tolerate and understand each other".     She said the two high-level meetings between the two organizations in less than five months showed their strong willingness in shelving disputes, facing reality and vigorously improving ties.

UNITED NATIONS, Jan. 13 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government is actively promoting the relief of tension in Gaza, and China is ready to work with the international community to bring all the parties concerned back to the negotiation table at an early date in a bid to achieve the peaceful, just and durable settlement to the Palestinian-Israeli issue, a Chinese envoy said here Tuesday.     Zhang Yesui, the Chinese permanent representative to the United Nations, made the statement as he was speaking at the closed-door meeting of the UN Security Council on the Gaza conflict, which has left more than 900 Palestinians killed and 4,000 others injured.     Zhang told the Security Council that the Chinese special envoy on the Middle East issue, Sun Bigan, began his visit to Egypt, Israel and Palestine on Sunday for mediation for peace in the region.     China is gravely concerned about the growing escalation of tension in Gaza, and it is regrettable to see that the new Security Council resolution, adopted last Thursday to call for an immediate, durable and fully respected ceasefire, went unheeded by warring parties, he said.     At present, the top priority is to achieve the full implementation of the UN truce resolution -- the immediate ceasefire, the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Gaza, a halt to the firing of rockets into Israel by the armed Palestinian faction, and unimpeded access of Gaza to the humanitarian relief goods, he said.     At the Tuesday council meeting, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon briefed 15 council members on his upcoming visit to the Middle East, which will take him to Egypt, Jordan, Israel, Turkey, Lebanon, Syria and Kuwait. 

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BEIJING, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao on Friday called for a stronger high-level dialogue mechanism with the United States.     "China and the United States should continue to step up their high-level dialogue mechanism for substantive cooperation and stronger bilateral relations," Hu told visiting U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) meets with United States Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 5, 2008.     Their meeting came after China and the United States concluded their two-day Strategic Economic Dialogue (SED), which produced 40 agreements in areas ranging from finance and trade to energy and the environment.     Included in Paulson's high-profile delegation were the U.S. secretaries of agriculture, labor, health and the environment, among others.     Led by Vice Premier Wang Qishan, the Chinese delegation included more than 10 ministers from such areas as finance, development and reform, agriculture, labor, commerce, health, the environment and the central bank.     "The two delegations should summarize the good experience and practice of the SED talks and jointly implement the consensus and agreements that are reached," Hu said.     Initiated by the two presidents in 2006, the biannual SED is the highest level of bilateral economic dialogue.     Hailing the positive outcomes of the talks, Hu said the dialogue was a success because the talks stuck to comprehensive, strategic and long-term issues and served bilateral economic and trade cooperation, as well as the overall bilateral relationship.     The successes also lay in the fact that the two sides took care of both nations' interests and concerns, broadened fields of bilateral cooperation and cultivated new areas for growth, Hu said.     "The dialogue helped the two nations increase mutual trust, narrow their differences and properly address the problems arising from the cooperation," Hu said. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) meets with United States Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 5, 2008.     "China-U.S. relations now stand in an important era connecting the past and the future," President said.     China values its ties with the United States and sees the 30th anniversary of diplomatic ties as an opportunity, Hu said.     "Let's maintain the direction of the constructive cooperation, step up dialogue, increase mutual trust, expand cooperation and take the bilateral relationship to a new high," Hu said.     Paulson said the launch of the SED was a farsighted strategic decision made by the presidents of the two nations.     The just-concluded dialogue was the final SED meeting for Paulson, who will step down next January.     Paulson, a key figure in establishing the SED mechanism, hailed the role of the SED in boosting bilateral trade relations and promoting the world economy over the past two years.     The SED succeeded in dealing with the strategic economic relations, addressing the complicated and subtle issues and promoting the bilateral ties, he said.     On U.S.-China relationship, Paulson said it was one of the most important bilateral relations in the world.     He reaffirmed that the United States would like to work with China to further boost their ties.

BEIJING, Nov. 10 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government will inject more funds for investment and improve investment structures to better cope with adverse global economic conditions, the State Council (Cabinet) decided at an executive meeting presided over by Premier Wen Jiabao on Monday.     To achieve "steady and relative fast" economic growth and prevent "economic ups and downs" amid global and domestic economic challenges was on top of the country's agenda, said Wen.     The government on Sunday announced it would launch a stimulus package estimated at 4 trillion yuan (570 billion U.S. dollars) to be spent over the next two years to finance programs in 10 major areas, such as low-income housing, rural infrastructure, water, electricity, transport, the environment and technological innovation.     "The country should strengthen management of large-scale investment projects, conduct feasibility studies in an earnest manner and increase investment efficiencies and profits," said a statement from the meeting, in which provincial leaders and Cabinet ministers participated.     Wen said the stimulus package was crucial to tiding over the difficulties and maintaining long-term economic growth momentum.     He urged local governments to be "quick" and "effective" in carrying out these measures with "large-scale" investment programs launched to boost domestic demand.     The meeting participants called for more efforts to increase incomes and consumption capabilities, raising low-income earnings, promoting the "stable and healthy" development of the property sector and maintaining steady export growth.     The country should endeavor to enhance competitiveness, improve financial macro-management and facilitate the steady and healthy development of the stock market.     China announced on Sunday that it would adopt "active" fiscal and "moderately active" monetary policies to expand domestic demand and speed up construction of public facilities.     The meeting also decided to push forward a series of key reforms, including restructuring the value-added tax regime, which could cut the tax burden on enterprises by 120 billion yuan next year.

UNITED NATIONS, Jan. 13 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government is actively promoting the relief of tension in Gaza, and China is ready to work with the international community to bring all the parties concerned back to the negotiation table at an early date in a bid to achieve the peaceful, just and durable settlement to the Palestinian-Israeli issue, a Chinese envoy said here Tuesday.     Zhang Yesui, the Chinese permanent representative to the United Nations, made the statement as he was speaking at the closed-door meeting of the UN Security Council on the Gaza conflict, which has left more than 900 Palestinians killed and 4,000 others injured.     Zhang told the Security Council that the Chinese special envoy on the Middle East issue, Sun Bigan, began his visit to Egypt, Israel and Palestine on Sunday for mediation for peace in the region.     China is gravely concerned about the growing escalation of tension in Gaza, and it is regrettable to see that the new Security Council resolution, adopted last Thursday to call for an immediate, durable and fully respected ceasefire, went unheeded by warring parties, he said.     At present, the top priority is to achieve the full implementation of the UN truce resolution -- the immediate ceasefire, the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Gaza, a halt to the firing of rockets into Israel by the armed Palestinian faction, and unimpeded access of Gaza to the humanitarian relief goods, he said.     At the Tuesday council meeting, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon briefed 15 council members on his upcoming visit to the Middle East, which will take him to Egypt, Jordan, Israel, Turkey, Lebanon, Syria and Kuwait. 

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BEIJING, Jan. 9 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi and his Iranian counterpart Manouchehr Mottaki exchanged views over the phone Friday on promoting further development of bilateral relations in 2009 and international and regional issues of common concern.     On the situation in the Gaza Strip, Yang said China is seriously concerned and deeply worried about the grave humanitarian crisis caused by the escalation of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict.     China has made unremitting efforts to promote adoption by the United Nations Security Council of a relevant resolution on Gaza, Yang said.     He said China welcomes and supports U.N. Security Council Resolution 1860 and urges all the parties concerned to fully honor the resolution, cease fire immediately, ensure smooth operation of humanitarian assistance and promote an early relaxation of the humanitarian crisis taking place in Gaza.     China has always proposed that the issue of Palestine be resolved through political negotiation on the basis of related U.N. resolutions, the "Land for Peace" principle and the Arab Peace Initiative, he added.

BEIJING, Jan. 15 (Xinhua) -- The global financial crisis is an austere test of the nation and the ruling Communist Party of China (CPC), and every Party member and official should work for economic growth, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said Thursday.     Wen, a member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau, said at a Party conference of the central and state agencies, "The world is experiencing the sort of financial crisis that has rarely been seen before, which has seriously affected our economy."     He called for confidence to achieve stable and relatively fast economic and social development.     He urged all Party members and officials to have a strong sense of responsibility and mission.     "Party members and officials must be a model of clean governance," he said. The people's trust needed to be won by sharing their trials.     In addition, Wen urged Party members and officials to avoid using public authority for personal interests and privilege.     "Be politically staunch, good in work style, and strictly disciplined. Work hard for the people, fulfill your duties, and be honest and clean," the premier said.

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Premier Wen Jiabao is in Russia for a visit.     "Currently, women account for 45.4 percent of China's total employed population," said All-China Women's Federation (ACWF) Deputy-Chairwoman Huang Qingyi, who delivered a work report on behalf of the ninth ACWF Executive Committee.     Huang said there were nearly 700,000 women models working in various circles who had greatly inspired people.     Exemplar women included Ren Changxia, a late policewoman in central Henan Province who devoted herself to her police career and died of fatigue at 40, and Song Yushui, a judge in a Beijing district court who has long been engaged in handling cases involving economic and intellectual property rights issues. Gu Xiulian, chairwoman of the All-China Women's Federation (ACWF), presides over the opening ceremony of the 10th National Women's Congress at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, on Oct. 28, 2008. Chinese women also played larger role in the political sector. Female deputies comprised 21.33 percent of the National People's Congress (NPC), up 1.09 percentage points from the previous congress, and women make up 17.7 percent of the 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), up 1 percentage point.     The proportion of female deputies to the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was also up two percentage points, said Huang, adding "women have become an important force pushing forward political development".     She said the education gap between men and women has narrowed as proportions of women receiving various levels of education have increased steadily, with their mind continuing to be emancipated and concept updated and employment improved. The 10th National Women's Congress opens at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, on Oct. 28, 2008. China's maternal mortality rate has reduced to 36.6 per 100,000 from 51.3 per 100,000 in 2003, and the infant mortality rate has dropped to 15.3 per 1,000 from 25.5 per 1,000 in 2003, according to Huang.     She said more and more women bought various social securities and women's life expectancy reached 75.25 years.     Statistics show more than 27,000 women and children rights protection agencies had been set up to handle cases involving rights infringement. The 10th National Women's Congress opens at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, on Oct. 28, 2008Women of ethnic minority groups and those who were religious believers were also greatly motivated to contribute to the social development, Huang said, adding mainland women groups had conduced various exchanges with their counterparts in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.     International exchanges such as bilateral and multilateral visits were well under way, with the ACWF having established friendship with 697 women and children groups in 164 countries and regions.     The five-day congress will hear and discuss a work report by the Nineth Executive Committee of the ACWF, deliberate and adopt amendments to the federation's constitution, and elect the 10th ACWF Executive Committee.     ACWF Chairwoman Gu Xiulian said 1,407 delegates from across the country were present at the once-every-five-year congress. Among the 1,280 elected delegates, 1,020 of them are newly elected. Each of China's 55 ethnic minorities has at least one delegate to the congress.     Officials in charge of women affairs from Beijing and other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, ACWF former leaders and representatives from Hong Kong and Macao, also attended the congress.

BEIJING, Jan. 22 (Xinhua) -- Xinhua News Agency published an article by Hao Shiyuan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), on Thursday, to hail that the Democratic Reform is historic stride for social system in Tibet.     Hao, who is also director of the CASS center for the study of Tibetan history and culture, has contributed the article to the Beijing-based Guangming Daily as part of the newspaper's serial articles to mark the establishment of the "Serfs Emancipation Day" by the Tibetan legislature on Monday.     Before the launching in 1959 of the Democratic Reform in Tibet, the highland area was under a hierarchical rule by monks and aristocrats, says the article, citing a book by Edmund Candler, an India-based correspondent of the British newspaper "Daily Mail", who entered Tibet with British army in 1905.     According to the British reporter's "The Unveiling Lhasa", Tibet was then under a feudalist serfdom, where peasants were slaves of lamas. He even compared the Potala Palace, the residence of Tibetan Buddhist leaders, with the bloodiest medieval castles in Europe in the Middle Ages.     The British journalist was so surprised at what he saw in Tibet that he depicted the Tibetan serfdom as unprecedentedly stubborn and dark.     The Communist Party of China (CPC), which represents the fundamental interests of the Chinese of different ethnic groups, is the only power which can lead the one million Tibetan serfs to end the hierarchical serfdom in Tibet, says Hao.     In 1951, the central government signed a 17-article Agreement with the local government of Tibet, which marks the peaceful liberation of Tibet.     In 1954, late Chinese leader Chairman Mao Zedong told the ** Lama, who was then a vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), the top legislature, that the central government was not eager to implement the Democratic Reform in Tibet, though the reform had been underway in other minority areas.     "It needs the consent of the Tibetan people and the will of the Han people must not be forcibly given to the Tibetan people," said Mao, who indicated that the central government was patient enough on the issue of Democratic Reform in Tibet, though "some Han officials might be" eager to carry out the reform.     The scholar explains that "some Han officials", who were not as patient as the central government, came to the idea to start the reform at an early time, because they witnessed that the Tibetan people were increasingly eager to end the serfdom, under which, the Tibetan serfs were living in an abyss of suffering.     Between 1952-58, the local government of Tibet had a financial income of 392.9 million yuan (about 52 million U.S. dollars), but 357.17 million yuan, or 91 percent, came from the central government. Meanwhile, the central government had invested a lot of money to build highways in Tibet. By 1957, the length of Tibetan highways topped 6,000 kilometers.     Under serfdom, however, Tibetan serfs could not enjoy the economic achievements in Tibet, which were made with the financial assistance by the central government, the article says.     The Buddhist monks, aristocrats and the local government were frightened by the bulging demand of the Tibetan people for carrying out the reform.     In 1955, a preparatory committee of the Tibet Autonomous Region was set up, with the ** Lama as the chairman and the Banqen Lama as a vice chairman. In the same year, some Tibetan aristocrats began plotting for armed rebellions.     Beginning in 1957, some Tibetan people were organized to lay siege to government organizations, kill government staff workers, and hold armed rebellions. In 1958, a large number of rebellious armed forces were set up in Tibet.     On Mar. 10, 1959, an all-around armed rebellion was launched by the local government of Tibet and the stubborn upper-class forces, and the ** Lama went into exile, in betrayal of the nation and the Tibetan people.     The Tibetan hierarchical ruling forces headed by the ** Lama held the 1959 armed rebellion - an attempt to safeguard the feudalist serfdom and their fundamental interests, oppose all kinds of changes in Tibet, and seek for "Tibetan independence", according to the article.     On Mar. 28, the central government dissolved the local government of Tibet and replaced it with the preparatory committee, while launching the Democratic Reform, which allowed the Tibetan people to step in the process of a modern social development. Since then, a series of reform policies and measures had been issued to abolish the old system and set up a new system.     In 1961, the Democratic Reform was initially completed as the 1million emancipated Tibetan serfs became the master of Tibet and people's governments were set up across the autonomous region.     Thanks to the support of the central government, the Tibetan economy had achieved a big progress. As of 1965, the grain output in Tibet reached 290 million kilograms, an 88.6 percent increase over 1958, while the number of the livestock stood at over 18 million, an increase of 54.1 percent comparing with that of 1958.     On Sept. 1, 1965, the Tibet Autonomous Region was established, which marks the beginning of a socialist drive in Tibet, a historic stride for social system in Tibet, the article says.