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URUMQI, July 18 (Xinhua) -- Nearly two weeks after the July 5 riot in Urumqi of northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, social order and people's lives are returning to normal. Yet in retrospect, a mass of evidences show that the unrest was a well-planned violent criminal incident of terrorist nature.     FEINT BEFORE VIOLENCE     Investigations by reporters reveal a salient feature of the riot, that is the perpetrators adopted the tactic of mass rally and making trouble in the open, which attracted people's attention and police force, while committing beating, smashing, robbery and arsons in other places.     At about 6:00 p.m. July 5, some persons gathered in the People's Square, continuously making phone calls and sending text messages. Some people were shouting slogans to attract passersby. The crowd grew larger and larger.     According to the local police department, about 1,500 policemen were sent to the place to maintain order and disperse the crowd.     At about 8:00 p.m., the police were told that a group of thugs were beating innocent people, smashing cars and buses, and burning police cars at Er Dao Qiao in a southern area of the city.     Xinhua reporters at the area spotted the body of a victim under a bridge, people fleeing in all directions, shops closing, mobsters smashing and setting fire as they walked along, more and more shops, automobiles and public facilities got destroyed and people got hurt.     At the same time, people gathered in the People's Square began to walk to the south.     According to two officials from the local committee of ethnics and religions who walked after these people, at the Longquan Street intersection, someone jumped out of the crowd and began to instigate people to join and follow them. The Longquan Street is a major passage leading to the Er Dao Qiao area.     At about 8:40 p.m., the crowd reached the Tianchi Road - close to the Er Dao Qiao area -- and were joined by about 200 people with clubs.     The two officials said that as fewer than 20 policemen lined up across the street to stop the crowd, someone in the crowd commanded the crowd to dash through the police line. A policeman was beat down and the crowd continued to move south with more violent behaviors.     According to the policemen who were at the scene, the crowd walked as long as several kilometers and more people joined in when the violent situation was worsening.     SUDDEN ERUPTION ALL OVER     According to the local public security department, at about 9:00 p.m., the department received reports that thugs were making violence in more than 50 places in the city, attacking passersby, cars, shops, resident buildings, police and government offices.     The city's first aid center said they received numerous SOS calls starting from 8:23 p.m., resulting in the breakdown of the telephone switching system.     According to the center, from the night of July 5 to the next morning, it sent out ambulances for 737 times to give medical support to about 900 injured people.     A young woman told Xinhua that she was in a bus when the thugs started the violence. "There were also thugs in the bus. It was like they colluded over the whole thing and just waited in the bus for the time to come."     The girl said that she was beat "powerfully" in the head while trying to get off the bus after the driver opened the door. She was later sent to hospital for treatment.     "If there were no plan or organizing in advance, how could so many people appear in more than 50 places at the same time with the same violent behaviors?" an expert on public security told Xinhua.

BEIJING, May 26 (Xinhua) -- The State Council, China's Cabinet, has approved a decision to impose harsh criminal and disciplinary penalties on 169 people held responsible for five major work-related accidents over the past two years, the State Administration of Work Safety (SAWS) announced Tuesday.     SAWS said cases involving 131 people had been handed over to judicial departments for criminal prosecution.     The five accidents included a mine blast in Linfen in north China's Shanxi Province that killed 105 on Dec. 5, 2007, a train collision in east China on April 28 last year that claimed 72 lives, and a landslide at an unlicensed iron ore tailings facility, also in Linfen, that killed 277 people. These five accidents are profiled below.     COAL MINE BLAST, HONGTONG COUNTY, SHANXI PROVINCE, 2007     The blast occurred at 11:15 p.m. on Dec. 5 at the Xinyao Coal Mine, killing 105 miners and injuring 18 others. Losses were estimated at 42.75 million yuan (about 6 million U.S. dollars).     Authorities said 78 people bore some responsibility for the accident, and 39 were referred to judicial bodies for criminal prosecution. Wang Donghai, the ultimate owner of the mine, and Wang Hongliang, legal representative, were sentenced to life in prison. Miao Yuanli, former vice mayor of Linfen, received a 14-year sentence.     The other 39 received internal disciplinary penalties. Wang Guozheng, director of Shanxi Provincial Construction Department, and Jin Shanzhong, then vice governor of Shanxi Province, were given severe inner party warnings. Li Tiantai, deputy party chief and mayor of Linfen, was given a severe inner party warning and demoted.     Ruizhiyuan Coal Mining Co. Ltd., which owned the coal mine, was fined 185.2 million yuan and closed.     TRAIN COLLISION, SHANDONG PROVINCE, 2008     A high-speed train from Beijing to the coastal city of Qingdao in Shandong Province derailed and struck another train in Zibo's Zhoucun District on April 28, 2008, leaving 72 dead and another 416 injured. It was the worst train accident in a decade. Losses were estimated at 41.92 million yuan.     An investigation showed the train was running at 131 kilometers per hour at the time of the accident, while the speed limit of that section was 80 km/hr.     Authorities determined that 37 people bore responsibility for the accident. Six people, including Guo Jiguang, vice executive director of the Jinan Railway Bureau, were referred to judicial departments for criminal prosecution.     Thirty-one people received inner party disciplinary punishment or administrative punishment. Chen Gong, head of the Jinan Railway Bureau, was dismissed. Chai Tiemin, then the Party chief of the bureau, was dismissed. Hu Yadong, vice minister of the Railway Ministry, had a serious demerit entered on his record. Liu Zhijun, railway minister, had a demerit entered on his record.     COAL MINE BLAST, SHANXI PROVINCE, 2008     On June 13, 2008, an explosion occurred in a colliery of the Anxin Coal Mining Co. Ltd. in Xiaoyi City, Shanxin Province, which killed 35 people and injured 12 others. One person has never been found. Losses totaled 12.91 million yuan.     Illegal homemade explosives concealed in the colliery tunnel ignited on their own and triggered the blast, according to investigators.     Fifty people were held responsible for the accident, and 26, including Tian Yun, head of the mine and legal representative of Anxin company, were referred to judicial departments for criminal prosecution.     Twenty-four people, including Zhang Zhongsheng, vice mayor of Luliang City, and Zhang Xuguang, mayor of Xiaoyi City, received inner party disciplinary or administrative punishment.     The company was fined 38.46 million yuan and all its illegal gains were confiscated. The company's business license was revoked and it was ordered to close.     LANDSLIDE, SHANXI PROVINCE, 2008     The collapse of an unlicensed iron ore tailing pond triggered a massive landslide on Sept. 8, 2008 in Xiangfen county of the coal-rich Shanxi Province. The landslide buried an outdoor market near a village of more than 1,000 residents, killing 277 people and injuring 33. Four people were never found. Losses were put at 96.19 million yuan.     Authorities said 113 people had responsibility for the accident. Among those, 51 faced criminal charges and 62 received inner party disciplinary or administrative punishments.     Among those facing charges were Zhang Peiliang, board chairman of the Xinta Mining Ltd. Co., or the owner of the mine; Kang Haiyin, Communist Party chief of Xiangfen County; Li Xuejun, head of Xiangfen County; Liu Shuyong, chief engineer of Shanxi Provincial Land and Resources Bureau, and Su Baosheng, deputy head of Shanxi Provincial Work Safety Supervision Administration.     Xia Zhengui, secretary of Linfen city's Party committee, was given an inner-party penalty. Liu Zhijie, Linfen's then mayor, and Zhou Jie, then vice mayor of Linfen, were dismissed. Zhang Genhu, head of Shanxi Provincial Work Safety Supervision Administration, had an internal demerit entered in his record.     MINE FIRE IN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE, 2008     The fire on Sept. 20, 2008 at Fuhua Coal Mine in Hegang City killed 31 people and caused losses of 15.65 million yuan.     The accident was determined to have been caused by the spontaneous combustion of coal, but 22 people were held responsible for bad management.     Nine people, including Wang Qingyun, an investor in Fuhua Mining Co., Ltd., faced criminal charges.     Thirteen people received disciplinary penalties. Wang Rui, then vice mayor of Hegang, was included, among others.     The company's business license was suspended and it was forced to close.

st groups travel to the island after a meeting between the mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Strait chairman Chen Yunlin and the Taiwan-based Straits Exchange Foundation chairman Chiang Pin-kun in June last year. The first tourist group arrived in Taiwan on July 4.

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BEIJING, June 5 (Xinhua) -- China will continue its massive elimination of backward industrial facilities in 2009 to save energy and cut pollution in its bid to address climate change, the government said Friday.     China aims to close down small coal-burning power stations with a total generating capacity of 15 million kilowatts, according to an action plan approved by a joint meeting of the national steering committee for responses to climate changes and the State Council steering committee for energy-saving and emission control Friday.     China will continue to eliminate obsolete capacity in key industries, including 10 million tonnes in iron-making industry, 6million tonnes in steel industry, and 50 million tonnes in cement industry, said the plan examined at the meeting presided by Premier Wen Jiabao.     The meeting decided to adopt more measures, including stricter energy efficiency and environmental assessments, to control the expansion of industries that consumed excessive energy and discharged pollutants. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (C) presides over a State Council meeting on Climate Change, Energy saving and Emission Reduction in Beijing, China, June 5, 2009. (Xinhua/Pang Xinglei)    The government also called for the promotion of recycling and the use of energy efficient products, including subsidizing purchases of energy-efficient air conditioners, refrigerators and lamps.     Central and local governments would further increase investment in energy efficient projects.     In 2009, such projects are expected to reduce energy consumption equal to 750 million tonnes of standard coal usage. New sewage treatment projects will treat 10 million cubic meters of waste water.     The government would also publicize local government efforts to reduce energy consumption, improve supervision and enhance cooperation with international agencies to develop alternative energies and low-carbon technologies.     The government has set a goal to reduce energy consumption per 10,000 yuan (1,464 U.S. dollars) of gross domestic product (GDP) by 20 percent from 2006 to 2010.     In the three years to 2008, energy consumption per unit of GDP fell 10.1 percent, according to the State Council. That means saving 300 million tonnes of standard coal and cutting carbon dioxide emissions by 750 million tonnes.     Emissions of sulfur dioxide in the same period fell 8.95 percent, and chemical oxygen demand (COD), a measure of water pollution, was down 6.61 percent.

BEIJING, June 10 (Xinhua) -- China is ready to end a de facto suspension of initial public offerings (IPOs) on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges, after the securities regulator unveiled Wednesday the final guidelines for new IPOs.     The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) said the guidelines would take effect Thursday.     An unidentified CSRC spokesman said the commission will give approvals to applying firms any time after the guidelines become effective.     The commission announced draft guidelines on May 22 to solicit public opinions till June 5. The new guidelines aim to improve the price discovery function of the stock market, and help retail investors subscribe to newly issued stocks.     The draft said the quotation system for new issues should be revised so that issue prices faithfully reflect market demand, and lead underwriters should take steps to avoid "unreasonably" high prices.     Under the new rules, stock subscribers need to use either the online or off-line subscription system, but not both, to purchase new stocks. Institutional investors used to enjoy the privilege of subscribing through both systems, while retail investors could use only the off-line system.     Three revisions were made to the draft to follow public advices that the commission deemed reasonable.     The final version said a single investor is refined to use one account only to purchase new stocks, as some institutional investors have multiple accounts. The revision is aimed to help more smaller investors get access to new stocks.     In addition, the commission said it would consider to increase the number of tradable stocks in response to suggestions the lock-down of too many stocks would do no good to curb speculation.     However, the spokesperson said shares lock-down of large shareholders would remain in place, as it is aimed to prevent frequent changes in managerial staff that could jeopardize a firm's operation and create risks and the practice is followed on many overseas markets.     The commission also added the content about improving the "clawback" and the offering suspension mechanisms upon requests of the public. The "clawback" mechanism is used in the event that the deal is subscribed by 100 times or more.     The CSRC effectively suspended all new stock issues last September, as it halted approvals. Since then the stock market has plunged more than 50 percent from its peak 6124.04 in October 2007,compared to Wednesday's closing.     The CSRC spokesman anticipated that the first few new IPOs may not be satisfactory (in boosting the market), but he believed that the goals of the new guidelines could be achieved over time, which would play a positive role in boosting the market in the long run.     A total of 32 firms are on the waiting list to launch their IPOs on the A-share market, expecting to issue a combined more than 14 billion shares.     China State Construction Engineering Corp. is expected to issue12 billion shares.

URUMQI, July 9 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government and the Communist Party of China (CPC) will severely punish the outlaws in the Xinjiang riot, and restore normal social order in the region as soon as possible, senior Chinese leader Zhou Yongkang said here Thursday.     Authorities would take stability as their top priority at hand, and crack down hard on violence, in accordance with laws to protect the lives and property of people of all ethnic groups, and safeguard ethnic unity, said Zhou, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. Zhou Yongkang (C), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, visits Aygul, an injured woman of minority group, at a military hospital in Urumchi, capital of northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, July 9, 2009. Zhou started an inspection tour in Xinjiang on Thursday.At least 156 people were killed and more than 1,000 injured in the riot on Sunday in Urumqi, capital city of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.     When visiting civilians injured in the riot Thursday afternoon at a military hospital, Zhou Yongkang promised that violent outlaws in the deadly riot would receive severe punishment in accordance with China's laws, and that the normal order would be restored. Zhou Yongkang (R, front), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, shakes hands with a policeman on duty in Urumchi, capital of northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, July 9, 2009. Zhou started an inspection tour in Xinjiang on Thursday.He urged medical workers to provide better treatment to the injured, and save the lives of those in serious conditions "at all cost".     Zhou also called on troops and police officers on duty in Urumqi to enforce the laws justly, and "crush any attempt by hostile forces from home and abroad".

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BEIJING, April 24 (Xinhua) -- The People's Liberation Army (PLA) Navy should comprehensively push forward its modernization to constantly enhance its capability to carry out its missions in the new century and new phase, Chinese President Hu Jintao said here Friday.     Hu, also chairman of the Central Military Commission, made the remarks when meeting with veteran officers and model soldiers of the PLA Navy Friday night, a day after the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA naval force.     Hu first paid respects to the veteran officers and model soldiers for their contributions to the development of the navy and extended regards to all members of the navy. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R Front) shakes hands with fighting hero Mai Xiande during his meeting with representatives of veterans, heroes and models of the Navy of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) in Beijing, capital of China, April 24, 2009, on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.     He expressed his hope that these officers and soldiers would continue to play a leading role in contributing wisdom and strength to the navy's development.     Through six decades of development, a relatively modern naval force consisting of combined arms had taken shape thanks to the leadership of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, the Central Military Commission, the support of the people, and unremitting efforts by naval officers and soldiers, Hu said.     The navy had played an important role in protecting China's sovereignty, national security and territorial integrity, promoting the reform and opening up drive and socialist modernization, and safeguarding world peace and development, he said.     The president expressed hope that the navy would achieve further development.     Thursday morning, Hu reiterated that the country's military build-up was purely defense-oriented.     In a meeting with heads of 29 foreign navy delegations gathered for the PLA Navy's anniversary celebration, Hu pledged that China's armed forces, including the navy, would never be a threat to other nations.     China would always be an important force in safeguarding world peace and development, he said.     "For now and in the future, China would never seek hegemony, nor would it turn to military expansion or arms races with other nations," he said.

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BEIJING, June 16 (Xinhua) -- For the first time in more than one year, China reduced its holding of U.S. Treasury bonds, and experts told Xinhua Tuesday that move reflected concern over the safety of U.S.-dollar-linked assets.     Data from the U.S. Treasury showed China pared its stake in Treasury bonds by 4.4 billion U.S. dollars, to 763.5 billion U.S. dollars, as of the end of April compared with March.     Tan Yaling, an expert at the China Institute for Financial Derivatives at Peking University, told Xinhua that the move might reflect activity by China's institutional investors. "It was a rather small amount compared with the holdings of more than 700 billion U.S. dollars."     "It is unclear whether the reduction will continue because the amount is so small. But the cut signals caution of governments or institutions toward U.S. Treasury bonds," Zhang Bin, researcher with the Institute of World Economics and Politics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, a government think tank, told Xinhua.     He added that the weakening U.S. dollar posed a threat to the holdings of U.S. Treasury bonds.     The U.S. government began to increase currency supply through purchases of Treasury bonds and other bonds in March, which raised concern among investors about the creditworthiness of U.S. Treasury bonds. The move also dented investor confidence in the U.S. dollar and dollar-linked assets.     China, the biggest holder of U.S. Treasury bonds, is highly exposed. In March, Premier Wen Jiabao called on the United States "to guarantee the safety of China's assets."     China is not the only nation that trimmed holdings of U.S. Treasury bonds in April: Japan, Russian and Brazil did likewise, to reduce their reliance on the U.S. dollar.     However, Tan said that U.S. Treasury bonds were still a good investment choice.     Hu Xiaolian, head of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, said in March that U.S. Treasury bonds played a very important role in China's investment of its foreign exchange reserves. China would continue to buy the bonds while keeping an eye on fluctuations.     Zhang said it would take months to see if China would lower its stake. Even so, any reduction would not be large, or international financial markets would be shaken, he said.     Wang Yuanlong, researcher with the Bank of China, said the root of the problem was the years of trade surpluses, which created the huge amount of foreign exchange reserves in China. It left China's assets tethered to the U.S. dollar, he said.     He said making the Renminbi a global currency would cut China's demand for the U.S. dollar and reduce its proportion in the trade surplus.

XI'AN, June 7 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao has urged the country's college students to find grassroots jobs in less developed regions as the economic downturn increases pressures in employment market.     Visiting Xi'an, capital of central Shaanxi Province, from Friday to Sunday, Wen said employment was one of the government's priorities for the sake of the country's economy and for the future of individuals.     "College students, laid-off workers and migrant workers waiting for jobs are my biggest concern," Wen told job hunters at an employment center.     He encouraged graduates from universities and colleges to find work in grassroots regions, and called on employers to create more jobs.     Since the second half of last year, the government has implemented a series of policies to create jobs. The State Council, or Cabinet, also decided to give living allowances to graduates who went to the central and western regions for internships.     Everyone should have a resolute belief that they should try their best no matter what their job was, Wen told students at Xi'an Jiaotong University. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (Central Left, front), who is also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, talks with farmers in Fengdian Village, Doumen Town of Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province, June 6, 2009. Wen paid a visit to Xi'an from June 5 to 7During a visit to a village in the city's outskirts, he said the government would promise the country's farmers higher incomes by raising the average procurement price of wheat by 0.1 yuan per 500g.     When the market price went up, sell the products to the market, when it went down, sell them to the government, Wen told farmers.     Wen also went to a main production base of BYD Company Ltd., a Hong Kong-listed indigenous auto maker specializing in electric-powered technologies.     Wen got into a new hybrid vehicle using gas and electricity and encouraged the company to achieve more independent technological breakthroughs.     He said the government's policy of development of western regions had proved successful over the past 10 years.     Governments at all levels should continue the policy and formulate more support measures to improve living standards for people in western regions, Wen said.