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BEIJING, April 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese cities saw the fastest economic growth among all cities internationally, in 2008, but their overall competitiveness was still only at medium or low levels globally, according to a report released here Tuesday.     The report, entitled the Blue Book of Urban Competitiveness, was released by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS). It showed that ten of the 15 fastest-growing cities worldwide in 2008 were in China.     The ten cities are Baotou and Hohhot in the northern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Yantai, Weifang and Weihai in eastern Shandong Province, Dongguan, Zhongshan and Huizhou in southern Guangdong Province, and Wuhu and Hefei in eastern Anhui Province.     However, Chinese cities ranked at only medium or low levels among world cities in terms of overall competitiveness, the report said.     The ten most competitive cities in China, according to the report, are Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Beijing, Taipei, Guangzhou, Qingdao, Tianjin, Suzhou and Kaohsiung. But Hong Kong only ranked the 26th among world cities, Shanghai the 41th, and the others still lower.     Ni Pengfei, a CASS scholar who led the research, said 294 large and medium-sized China cities were rated, including those in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.     The overall competitiveness of a city is based on its advantages in human resources, capital, science and technology, infrastructure, environment, governance and so on.     The report was compiled by nearly 100 scholars from Chinese universities, statistics departments, and research institutes.

GUILIN, (Guangxi), Feb. 14 (Xinhua) -- China will tighten water resources management and take measures to reduce waste to cope with worsening water shortage, Water Resources Minister Chen Lei said here Saturday.     Water shortage impelled us take into consideration of overall economic and social development and economical use of water resources to ensure sustainable economic and social development, Chen said at a national conference in Guilin, in southern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.     China is planning to reduce water consumption per unit of GDP to 125 cubic meters by 2020, down 60 percent from now, Chen said.     Water consumption averaged 229 cubic meters per 10,000 yuan worth of products, according to statistics provided by the Ministry of Water Resources (MWR) at the end of 2008. That figure was down 10 percent compared with the previous year.     Statistics released Saturday showed the country lacked 40 billion cubic meters of water every year, with almost two thirds of cities suffering various levels of water shortages.     More than 200 million rural people face drinking water shortages.     At the same time, farmland stricken by drought reached 230 million mu (15.3 million hectares) every year, nearly 13 percent of the total farming area.     The most severe drought in half a century, which is hitting China this spring, affected 111 million mu of crops so far, with 4.68 million people and 2.49 million livestock threatened by water shortages, according to official statistics from the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters.     "We must take strict measures to preserve water resources in the face of the severe lack of water worsened by factors such as overuse, pollution and drought ," Chen said.     The ministry also expected to increase 79.5 billion cubic meters of water resources by 2020 and secure water supplies for both urban and rural people.     Chen proposed reinforcement of laws and regulations on water allocation, consumption and preservation as a fundamental way to achieve this goal.

BEIJING, Feb. 28 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao jumped in his first ever online chat on Saturday afternoon, facing questions from nearly 300,000 netizens and mobile phone users ranging from unemployment, wealth gap, social justice to democracy.     "I don't expect myself to answer every question well, but I am here with a sincere heart and speak honestly," Wen said during the two-hour-long chat jointly run by the central government web site www.gov.cn and the Xinhua News Agency web site www.xinhuanet.com . Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao(R2) speaks while visiting staff members of the Xinhua News Agency website, after his chat with Internet surfers in Beijing, China, Feb. 28, 2009. Wen Jiabao held an online chat with netizens jointly hosted by the central government website (www.gov.cn) and the Xinhua News Agency website (www.xinhuanet.com) on Saturday. The chat, second of its kind for a high-ranking Chinese official, came several days before the Premier is to deliver his annual work report at a meeting of the national legislature on March 5.     President Hu Jintao had a brief Q&A with netizens at the web site of People's Daily last June.     It seems Wen, who surfs the Internet almost every day and sometimes spends as long as one hour on the Internet, is aware of the toughness of the chat. He started the chat speaking of the approximately half million questions directed to him on local Internet forums, lately opened for the public to utter their advice ahead of the legislature meeting.     "I am deeply aware of the raft of issues that need to be addressed in a country as vast as China and I am deeply aware of the difficulty and heavy responsibility a Chinese Premier has to face," he said. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao holds an online chat with netizens jointly hosted by the central government website and Xinhua website in Beijing, China, Feb. 28, 2009.    ECONOMIC HARDSHIP     The first heavy barrage came from the concern over lingering economic slowdown which has already caused more than 20 million rural migrant workers jobless and terminated the superiority complex previously prevalent among the country's millions of college graduates on the job market.     In an obvious effort to elevate public confidence without giving false hope, Premier Wen used careful wording to evaluate the effect of the four-trillion-yuan stimulus package he endorsed last November.     "Signs in certain areas and fields pointed to a turnaround. Some key indicators showed the economic situation has somewhat turned better. But those were just temporary indices and couldn't be fully compared with the past figures," he said.     "We must fully realize we are facing a long-term and arduous task and strengthen confidence in the face of the crisis and be ready to take firmer and stronger actions when necessary."     Wen gave his personal appreciation to the "brothers" of rural migrant workers for their contribution to China's prosperity and their understanding in times of difficulty.     "You have born the first brunt of the financial crisis, but you didn't hold much grudge against the government but instead showed your understanding, with some going back home silently for farming and others dashing around for jobs," Wen said. "I thank you!"     The government would offer vocational training and tax privileges for rural migrant workers to start their own business, he said.     Wen didn't use the occasion for a national consumption pitch, although many economists agreed that raising consumption would be the only way to rebalance and sustain the economy.     "Of course we wish the wealthy could spend money boldly, but what we think essential is to increase the income of people from all walks of life. In that case, consumption would have a much more solid founding," he said.     Hand-picking a complaint over financing difficulty from netizen Shen Yuefang who ran a small-scale business in Zhejiang, Wen harshly blamed commercial banks, urging them to step up the implementation of state policies and lend more to small and medium-sized companies, especially private ones.     "I always said that economists, entrepreneurs and bankers must have moral blood. That is to say whenever the country is in trouble, we should help smaller companies and optimize the system. This is real action to share in the woes of the nation. Every banker should do this," he said.     GOOD SYSTEM MATTERS MORE     Affectionately named "Baobao" (the Chinese for baby) by his fans, the 67-year-old has become one of the nation's most popular figures after making swift appearance at disaster sites when a devastating earthquake shocked the country last May.     During his visit to Tianjin on Feb. 16 this year, Wen came cross weeping mother Wang Zhihua who couldn't afford the treatment for his seriously ill son. Wen personally donated 10,000 yuan and arranged for the two-year-old suffering leukaemia from the rural area in Zhangjiakou of Hebei Province to get hospitalized in the Beijing Children's Hospital.     This philanthropic act however triggered public sighs over the country's inadequate medical system.     "I noticed the harsh criticism which says good system matters more than good Premier," Wen said, responding to a question on the treatment of seriously ill children.     "Being the Premier, I need to think about how to optimize our medical system and have seriously ill children treated....We have already started to work in this direction. But our efforts is far from enough."     China currently has more than four million leukemic children. Treatment for each would cost more than 100,000 yuan. But no medical insurance in China would allow reimbursement for such large medical bills, Wen acknowledged.     He mentioned five steps the government will take, including expanding the coverage of insurance and establishing a basic medicine system with price ceilings.     The State Council, or the Cabinet, has lately passed a medical reform plan involving a government input of 850 billion yuan (123 billion U.S. dollars) by 2011 to provide universal medical service to the country's 1.3 billion population.     "Health care reform is not easy. Our determination to push forward the reform shows that the government cares about the health of the public," Wen said.     "Let me assure you that a good Premier would push forward the establishment of a good system," he said.     HEARTY TALK     Bombarded by questions over the widening income gap and government corruption, Wen said that in a society where fairness and justice prevail, the public should be able to share the fruits of reform.     Citing the Theory of Moral Sentiments by philosopher Adam Smith, Wen said that society would be unstable if the wealth was long concentrated in the hands of a small number of people while the majority was stuck in poverty.     "However, the needy would have no way to shake off poverty when the society was static. So only through development and progress can we tackle such difficulty from the root," he said.     "To uphold democracy and have the people truly in charge, we must rely on no individuals but a sound system to secure top-to-bottom communications for the government to listen to the voices of the masses," he said.     Asked why he didn't dodge when German student Martin Jahnke blew a whistle and hurled a sports shoe at him at the concert hall of Cambridge University on Feb. 2 during his speech, Wen admitted his eyes had been blinded by the spotlight.     "I didn't know indeed what has come to me. But I have a conviction even it was a dangerous article, I wouldn't move a bit because the first thing that came cross my mind was to safeguard the national dignity," he said.     Wen asked the moderator to prolong the chat more than once and addressed 29 more questions.

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SEOUL, April 7 (Xinhua) -- Li Changchun, a senior official of the Communist Party of China (CPC), on Tuesday called for stronger economic and trade ties between China and South Korea and urged their business communities to work together to help promote the strategic cooperation between the two nations.     Li, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, made the call in an address at a welcome luncheon for him hosted by four Korean business groups: the Korea Foreign Trade Association, the Korea Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the Federation of the Korean Industries, and the Korea Federation of Small and Medium Businesses. Li Changchun, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, delivers a speech during a luncheon with chiefs of four South Korean business lobby groups in Seoul, South Korea, on April 7, 2009. Li praised the development of bilateral ties since China and South Korea established diplomatic ties 17 years ago. During the past 17 years, bilateral relations have witnessed rapid development and cooperation and exchanges expanded in a comprehensive manner, which has benefited the two countries and the region, he said.     The Communist Party of China and the Chinese government attach great importance to the ties with South Korea and are willing to work with South Korea to continue strengthening and deepening the strategic cooperation, he said.     Li spoke about China's stand regarding the current global financial crisis, the measures it has adopted to counter the crisis and its participation in international cooperation.     The London summit of the Group of 20 yielded pragmatic results, he said. At the summit, Chinese President Hu Jintao's speech on strengthening macro-policy coordination, reforming international financial institutions and improving financial regulation, played a constructive role in the outcomes of the meeting, Li said.     He said that Hu and his South Korean counterpart Lee Myung-bak, at their meeting in London, agreed to work to deepen the pragmatic cooperation in various fields between the two countries and push forward the bilateral relations.     Li suggested both sides make efforts to deepen the mutually beneficial cooperation to ensure the smooth growth of bilateral trade, enhance policy coordination to promote financial cooperation, work out new ways to boost mutual investment and strengthen multilateral cooperation to improve the international trade environment.     He also proposed entrepreneurs of the two countries continue to contribute to the bilateral strategic cooperative partnership, make new efforts to promote the mutual understanding and friendship between China and South Korea, facilitate the exchanges between the younger generation and promote the cultural exchanges between the two nations.     South Korea is the last leg of Li's four-nation tour, which has already taken him to Australia, Myanmar and Japan.

BEIJING, Feb. 21 (Xinhua) -- All unemployed urban residents in China will have access to medical insurance this year as the country plans to expand the coverage of an insurance scheme to all cities and towns, according to a government official Saturday.     Li Zhong, vice director of Health Insurance Department under the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said at a forum that the program, which has benefited residents in more than 300 cities as of 2008, is expected to be promoted to all cities and towns this year.     The program, introduced in 2007, aimed to bring urban children, students and jobless adults under the umbrella of medical insurance.     China established a medical insurance system for urban employees in 1998 and implemented a new cooperative medical care system for rural residents since 2003.     If the program is successfully implemented, it means all Chinese residents can have access to medical insurance.     Under the program, the premiums are paid by households, instead of individuals. The government gives each participant a subsidy of at least 40 yuan annually, and grants extra subsidies for low-income families and disabled ones.     Residents have to pay a share of premium in the program and their participation is based on their free will. Urban residents with only temporary jobs could also participate in the program.     Li said the program will gradually increase its reimbursement rate and include more common diseases for compensation. The program currently mainly covers expenses of residents for hospitalization and major illness.     There are more than 240 million unemployed urban residents in China. Among them, more than 100 million have joined the program so far.

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HONG KONG, March 14 (Xinhua) -- China may get a more level playing field in terms of self-positioning when dealing with the United States amid the economic downturn, but Chinese leaders should beware of the potential traps behind U.S. flattering, scholars and senior editors said Friday.     Speaking at a Financial Times forum on Sino-U.S. relations in Hong Kong, the scholars said they expected the bilateral relationship to remain generally healthy in years ahead as both sides want stability and were pragmatic.     China is currently preoccupied with tackling the challenges facing itself, such as the need to further restructure the economy, finding an alternative development model to the export-driven growth of the past decades, and even the pressure of social instability.     The decisions made by Chinese leaders in dealing with the current crisis "will set the way for the long-term reinvention of the Chinese economy," said Jonathan Fenby, author of A History of Modern China published by Penguin.     China will emerge stronger if it can deal with the issues rightly, he said.     Lifen Zhang, editor-in-chief of FTChinese.com, said China does not have the strength to be the economic savior amid the current crisis and should handle self-positioning carefully when dealing with the United States.     "There is a lot of flattering going on at the moment, but be careful. What do the Americans really want?" he said, adding that a number of scholars have recently written on the topic.     On the top of the U.S. agenda was currently the need to restore confidence and integrity in the world's most developed economic system, which calls for cooperation from China, the world's fastest growing developing economy, said Simon Schama, professor of history at the University of Columbia.     But Schama said China should bear in mind that the next election in the United States will be in 2010 and avoid overplaying the leverage in its hand.     "What the Chinese government ought to be aware of is not so to overplay in its hands this leverage as to encourage a .. backlash" as the conservatives may seize certain popular issues, including trying to present an image of the Obama administration as being too soft, he said.

BEIJING, March 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao Thursday called on the nation to strengthen "conviction for victory" as he unveiled an unprecedented stimulus package to shore up economic growth amid global downturn.     In a work report to the National People's Congress (NPC), the country's parliament, Wen said China is facing "unprecedented difficulties and challenges" as economic growth slows, employment pressure mounts and social uncertainties increase in 2009, the most difficult year since the new millennium.     PREMIER'S ECONOMICS     China's economy cooled to a seven-year low of 9 percent last year, and broke a five-year streak of double-digit expansion, as the global financial crisis took its toll on the world's fastest growing economy.     The country, however, is "able to achieve" an economic growth at about 8 percent as long as right policies and appropriate measures are adopted and implemented, Wen said. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao delivers a government work report during the opening meeting of the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 5, 2009In his report, Wen outlined an aggressive stimulus package, including huge government investment, tax reform, industrial restructuring, scientific innovation, social welfare and promoting employment.     In addition to a 4-trillion yuan (585.5 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package that was announced in November, the premier also proposed a budgeted fiscal deficit of 950 billion yuan (139 billion U.S. dollars) for 2009, a record high in six decades and nearly three times over the last record of 319.8 billion yuan set in 2003.     The deficit accounted for less than 3 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP), nearly surpassing an internationally accepted risky line.     Wen said increasing government spending is the most active, direct and efficient way to expand domestic demand, while economists believe China's 2-trillion U.S. dollar foreign reserves, current-account surplus and budget surplus offers the government lots of room to do so.     Other key economic and social targets included creating more than 9 million jobs in the city, controlling urban registered unemployment rate under 4.6 percent and keeping the rise of Consumer Price Index (CPI) at about 4 percent.     EXPECTATIONS OF A MIGRANT WORKER AND MORE     While nearly 3,000 lawmakers convened at the Great Hall of the People in the center of Beijing, Zhang You, a migrant worker from central Anhui Province who was waiting in his rented room for a job opportunity in the outskirts of the capital, also watched Wen's nationally televised speech, though the Premier's economics might be beyond his imagination.     "I didn't quite understand what those figures meant," he said. "But I was impressed by Premier Wen's vow to expand social security for migrant workers and help us find jobs," the 30-year-old man said. "I am happy about that."     Zhang, a painter, said he has had no work to do for months. "I guess it's because fewer people are buying houses," he said. China's real estate sector was also hit by the international financial crisis with fewer people buying houses.     But Zhang said he believes he will soon be able to find a job. "I feel the government is trying hard to overcome the difficulties. This kind of situation won't last long."     "I hope the economy will get better. My whole family is depending on me," said Zhang, one of the 20 million migrant workers who have lost jobs following the financial crisis.     In addition to millions of migrant workers seeking jobs in the cities, another 6.1 million college students are due to graduate this year, worsening the country's unemployment woes.     Announcing a 42-billion-yuan central government investment to boost job opportunities, Wen said in his report "the government will do everything in its power to stimulate employment."     He said the government will make full use of the role of the service sector, labor-intensive industries, small and medium-sized enterprises, and the non-public sector of the economy in creating jobs, he said.     Hao Ruyu, vice president of the Capital University of Economics and Business, said to maintain an 8 percent growth rate is "vital" to the Chinese economy and the country's stability.     "One percentage point growth could create 800,000 to 1 million jobs," said Hao, vice chairman of the NPC Financial and Economic Affairs Committee.     Despite worsening world economy, economists are optimistic about China's economic growth as previous stimulus measures have started to show initial effects.     Economist Li Yining told Xinhua that he believes China's economic growth this year could reach 8 percent, or even higher.     The Chinese economy is also very likely to recover before other major economies, even though the world economy is still shrouded in uncertainty, said Li, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the nation's top political advisory body.     "The economic slowdown is beginning to bottom out, and the economy is bound to rebound on huge government investment," he said.     According to a survey of factories issued Monday by the brokerage CLSA, China's manufacturing activity contracted for a seventh consecutive month in February, but at a slower rate than previous months.     INVESTMENT FOR A HARMONIOUS SOCIETY     While explaining the stimulus plan, Wen said the government will "give top priority to ensuring people's wellbeing and promote social harmony."     He said a total of 908 billion yuan of the central government investment this year will go to projects aiming at improving people's life.     Those projects covered low-income housing, education, health care, culture, environmental protection, and reconstruction in regions affected by the May 12 earthquake in Sichuan Province.     As part of the efforts to shore up domestic demand, Wen said China will increase investment to improve China's social security network, whose low coverage has long been blamed for the country's high saving rate.     He said the central government plans to spend 293 billion yuan on the social safety net this year, up 17.6 percent or 43.9 billion yuan over the estimated figure for last year.     The money will be used to fund social welfare programs, including pension, medical insurance, unemployment insurance and living allowances to low-income groups.     Wen also promised that his government will improve efficiency and continue to combat corruption.     "We must discharge our duties with great diligence and, through our actions and achievements, build a government that is for the people and is pragmatic, clean, efficient to satisfy people's needs and win their trust," he said.     CHINA IMPETUS LIMITED?     As the world's fastest expanding economy, China's policy making has captured international attention since the world was hit by the financial turmoil. Before Wen delivered his report, U.S. stocks broke a five-day losing streak with the Dow Jones industrial average rising 149.82, or 2.2 percent, to 6,875.84 on Wednesday.     Some analysts said expectations on China's economic stimulus package might have contributed to the stock jump.     But Wang Xiaoguang, a Beijing-based economist, said such an influence is very "limited."     Wang said China's stimulus package might help store up some investors' confidence in world economy, but the recovery of the world depends on both China and the United States.     China's economic growth could help cushion the blows of world economic downturn, Wang said. "But if the U.S. economy continued to worsen, China alone could not revive the world," he said.

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BEIJING, Feb. 8 (Xinhua) -- Irrigation has covered 52.7 percent of the wheat farmland in drought-hit provinces in China by Saturday, said the Ministry of Agriculture.     A total of 85 million mu (about 5.67 hectares) of wheat land have been irrigated in eight drought-stricken provincial regions, the ministry told a meeting on Sunday.     Minister Sun Zhengcai said it is of importance to fully use machines in the fight against drought. People irrigate a wheat field in Laocheng Township of Changge County, central China's Henan Province, Feb. 3, 2009. Henan, one of China's key wheat producing regions, has suffered from drought since Oct. 24, 2008. Some 2.9 million hectares of farmland in Henan were affected    He asked local governments to increase subsidies for farmers to buy more irrigation-related and water-saving equipments, and make every effort to expand the irrigation coverage and save water.     By Saturday, 152 million mu of wheat farmland, which accounted for 95 percent of the drought-stricken crops in China, was affected in eight provincial regions including Hebei, Shanxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Henan, Shandong, Shaanxi and Gansu.     Rain and snow from Friday to Sunday in the southeastern part of northwest China and the southwestern part of north China has reduced the area of drought-affected farmland by 20 million mu.     China experienced the most severe drought for decades. As of Saturday, 299 million mu of crops, 4.42 million people and 2.2 million heads of livestock were affected.     The crops affected was 110 million mu more than the average level during the same period in past years.     During a visit to central China's drought-hit Henan Province on Saturday and Sunday, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao has urged officials in drought-hit areas to place "top priority" on relief work as agricultural stability concerns China's bid to revive its economy.     China has declared the highest level of emergency in response to the drought, employing artificial means to induce rains and allocating 86.7 billion yuan (about 12.69 billion U.S. dollars) as subsidies to farmers.     In addition, the central government has decided to earmark 400 million yuan to local governments for drought relief.

LONDON, April 1 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao met with French President Nicolas Sarkozy here Wednesday night.     "Our meeting today means a new starting point for the bilateral relations, and I hope the two sides work together to usher in a new phase in Chinese-French ties," Hu said at the start of his meeting with Sarkozy. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) shakes hands with French President Nicolas Sarkozy during their meeting in London, Britain, on April 1, 2009.The two leaders were meeting ahead of a Group of 20 summit on the financial crisis, scheduled here for Thursday.     China and France said in a press communique issued Wednesday simultaneously by their foreign ministries that the two sides "attach great importance to China-France relations" and reiterated their adherence to the principle of non-interference in each other's internal affairs.     In the communique, France pledged not to support "Tibet independence" in any form.