某某镇社会办林业经验介绍

中国地方政府竞争与制度变迁1

BEIJING, April 10 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao on Friday congratulated Kim Jong Il, the top leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), on his reelection as chairman of the country's National Defense Commission.     Hu, also General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, said in a congratulatory note to Kim that China is ready to work with the DPRK to further boost the good-neighborly, friendly and cooperative ties between the two nations.     The First Session of the 12th Supreme People's Assembly of the DPRK reelected Kim as chairman of the National Defense Commission on Thursday.

BEIJING, April 16 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao and his Kazakh counterpart Nursultan Nazarbayev held talks in Beijing Thursday afternoon.     The heads of states agreed to deepen bilateral cooperation in all fields and join hands to tackle the challenge of international financial crisis. After the talks, Hu and Nazarbayev signed a joint declaration and witnessed the signing of 10 agreements on cooperation in the fields of transport, education, agriculture and telecommunications. Chinese President Hu Jintao(R) shakes hands with Kazakhstan's President Nursultan Nazarbayev in Beijing, China, April 16, 2009.    President Hu said the strategic partnership between China and Kazakhstan had maintained a fast growth in recent years. The two countries have maintained frequent high-level contacts, political mutual trust, expansion of practical cooperation and good collaboration within the multilateral frameworks. Chinese President Hu Jintao(L) and Kazakhstan's President Nursultan Nazarbayev review honor guards at the welcoming ceremony in honor of Kazakhstan's President in Beijing, China, April 16, 2009. Hu expressed gratitude to Kazakhstan for supporting China on such major issues as Taiwan, Tibet and the holding of Beijing Olympics and Paralympics.     Nazarbayev said Kazakhstan values the development of friendly and cooperative relations with China. He said China has raised its status in the international community by successfully holding the Olympic Games and launching the Shenzhou-7 spacecraft.     He said the effective measures taken by the Chinese government to cope with the global financial crisis have benefited not only the Chinese economy, but also the world economic growth.     Hu said the Chinese government always gives priority to developing the strategic partnership with Kazakhstan. Hu suggested that the two countries should work on four areas.     Firstly, Hu said the two countries should continue to enhance high-level contact, improve cooperative mechanism and deepen political links. The leaders of the two countries should maintain close contact. The governments of the two countries should give full play to the role of China-Kazakhstan Cooperation Committee to increase communication and coordination. The parliaments and political parties of the two countries should carry out exchanges in various forms on the experience of governing their respective countries.     Secondly, the two countries should utilize the complementarity of their economies to deepen cooperation in such fields as economy, trade, energy, resources and finance to achieve common development. The two sides should further optimize trade structure, expand the scale of bilateral trade, work together to build major energy and resources projects and non-resources projects, and accelerate infrastructure construction at border areas.     Thirdly, the two countries should promote cultural exchanges and cooperation. China is ready to deepen cooperation with Kazakhstan in culture, education, health, tourism and sports. He said the two countries should encourage non-governmental organizations, media and youth organizations to expand contact and enhance friendship.     Fourthly, the two countries should deepen security cooperation and join hands to tackle various challenges. He said China will continue to strengthen coordination and cooperation with Kazakhstan within such multilateral frameworks as the United Nations, Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia. He said the two countries should join effort to strike trans-border organized crimes and the evil forces of separatism, terrorism and extremism so as to safeguard peace, stability and security of the two countries and the whole region.     Nazarbayev fully agreed with Hu's suggestion, saying under the current situation, Kazakhstan is ready to strengthen its strategic partnership with China. He expressed the willingness to expand bilateral cooperation in trade, energy, transport, agriculture, finance and telecommunications.     He said the two countries should continue to step up cooperation in multilateral arena, especially within the frameworks of the United Nations, Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia.     He said the two countries will work together to fight against the three evil forces of separatism, terrorism and extremism to maintain peace and stability in the region and the world over.     Nazarbayev reiterated that Kazakhstan supports China's stance on the issues of Taiwan and Tibet. It supports China to safeguard sovereignty and territorial integrity.     Before the talks, President Hu hold a welcome ceremony for President Nazarbayev at the Great Hall of the People.

BEIJING, March 27 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao said here Friday that the "good situation" in today's Tibet was "hard-earned and should be highly cherished."     Hu said during his visit to an exhibition marking the 50th Anniversary of Democratic Reform in Tibet, at the Cultural Palace of Nationalities in Beijing, that the reform 50 years ago was "the most extensive, profound and progressive social transformation in the history of Tibet."     All the nine members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee visited the exhibition, including top legislator Wu Bangguo, Premier Wen Jiabao, and top political advisor Jia Qinglin. Chinese President Hu Jintao, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, visits an exhibition marking the 50th Anniversary of Democratic Reform in Tibet, at the Cultural Palace of Nationalities in Beijing, capital of China, on March 27, 2009    The exhibition, opened on Feb. 24, 2009, showcases archives, cultural relics, photos, videos, and restored landscapes that have recorded the great changes Tibet has gone through since 1959, when serfdom was abolished.     The exhibits show that Tibet has been a part of China since the Yuan Dynasty (1271 to 1368 A.D.). Also exhibited are scenes of surfs being exploited by their owners in the old times and how they were liberated 50 years ago.     The exhibition puts on videos recording the March 14th Riot in Lhasa last year and the major projects the Chinese government has sponsored in the plateau, such as the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and the Tibet Gymnasium. It also includes photos about Tibetan people's lives today.     When visiting the exhibition, Hu stressed that, only by staying in the big family of the motherland under the leadership of the CPC, can the economy and society of Tibet develop by leaps and bounds, and the people of Tibet be the owner of the country together with other Chinese ethnics.     Tibet should speed up economic development and further improve the living standards of people living there, especially the peasants and herdsmen, Hu said.     Hu also said that Tibet should move from being "basically stable" to "peaceful and stable in the long run."     The exhibition, co-organized by the State Council Information Office, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission and the Tibet Autonomous Region, has attracted about 137,000 visitors since its opening. 

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BEIJING, April 13 (Xinhua) -- Chinese shares rose 2.84 percent Monday, advancing for a third consecutive day to a nearly eight-month high, on hopes that the economy had outperformed expectations in the first quarter.     Premier Wen Jiabao told reporters in Thailand Saturday that the economy showed signs of better-than-expected changes during the first quarter as a result of the economic stimulus package.     The National Bureau of Statistics is scheduled to release first-quarter growth data Thursday, which are expected to demonstrate a recovery in the world's fastest-growing economy. An investor is inside a securities firm in Chengdu, southwest China's Sichuan Province April 13, 2009    Data already announced have been positive. The central bank said over the weekend that new loans increased 1.89 trillion yuan (about 278 billion U.S. dollars) in March, the third straight month that new loans exceeded 1 trillion yuan.     Economists said the March figure indicated that China's liquidity was abundant, which was crucial to an economic recovery.     Wen said industrial output rose 8.3 percent in March, up from a record low of 3.8 percent in the first two months of the year.     The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index reacted to the positive news and closed at 2,513.7 points, up 69.48 points. The Shenzhen Component Index was up 2.08 percent, or 194.36 points, to 9539.8.     Gains outnumbered losses by 616 to 205 in Shanghai and 532 to 173 in Shenzhen.     Combined turnover rose to 280.46 billion yuan from 239.98 billion yuan the previous trading day.     Coal producers led gains Monday on speculation that coal prices might be raised. The country's largest coal producer, China Shenhua Energy, and six other producers, surged by the daily limit of 10 percent.     Steel stocks gained on hopes of more demand as industrial output picked up. Baoshan Iron & Steel, the nation's top steel maker, rose 4 percent to 5.97 yuan.     PetroChina went up 4 percent to 11.94 yuan and Sinopec rose 5.34 percent to 9.47 yuan on news that the country might soon announce details on a stimulus package for the petrochemical sector.     Shipping lines and other cargo carriers gained broadly on anticipation of an economic recovery. China Cosco rose by the daily limit of 10 percent to 12.87 yuan. China Shipping Development climbed 10 percent to 13.08 yuan. China Southern Airlines, one of the nation's three major carriers, rose 6.22 percent to 6.15 yuan.     Securities analysts expressed optimism about continued gains in the near term. Shanghai-based Shiji Investment said in a report that heavyweights had showed signs of robust performance and the market may rise to new highs.     Analysts at Huaxun, an on-line financial information service, said the market would find support at about 2,450 to 2,470 on buoyant confidence, with investors anticipating a recovery.

BEIJING, Feb. 23 (Xinhua) -- The recent visits by Chinese leaders to 15 countries and the European Union (EU) have proved extremely fruitful, promoting China's traditional friendship with them and boosting people's confidence regarding the future amid the ongoing global financial crisis. Chinese President Hu Jintao, Premier Wen Jiabao and Vice President Xi Jinping paid visits to several countries in Asia, Africa, Europe and Latin America during the first month of the Chinese lunar year, which lasts from Jan. 26 to Feb. 24. Visiting Chinese President Hu Jintao addresses a welcoming rally attended by people from various sectors in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Feb. 16, 2009    Their tours were warmly welcomed and highly praised by governments and media of the countries visited by the Chinese leaders.     Meanwhile, China and the United States carried out their maiden communication after U.S. President Barack Obama took office on Jan. 20, 2009. The talks were constructive and expected to boost bilateral ties and help tackle global challenges.     Chinese President Hu carried out state visits to Saudi Arabia, Mali, Senegal, Tanzania and Mauritius from Feb. 10 to 17. Visiting Chinese President Hu Jintao (L) talks with Saudi Arabian King Abdullah bin Abdul-Aziz during their meeting in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Feb. 10, 2009During the visits, Hu comprehensively expressed China's views and stances on ways to deal with the financial crisis, emphasizing that the international community should take note of, and make all efforts to reduce, the crisis' impact on developing countries, especially those lowest on the development ladder.     He also said China would like to strengthen cooperation and take coordinated action with developing countries and the entire world community to meet current challenges.     The president reached a broad consensus with African leaders on the means to further boost bilateral cooperation, steadfastly implement measures to aid Africa made at the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation in November 2006 and deepen the new China-Africa strategic partnership.     Hu made a six-fold proposal to develop China-Africa ties under the current situation, saying the Chinese have always cherished their traditional friendship with Africa and regard Africans as all-weather, trustworthy and dependable friends, and would like to be the African people's brothers and partners for ever.     The leaders of Mali, Senegal, Tanzania and Mauritius said Africa-China ties are a prime example of friendly cooperation among nations, adding that Africa is willing to promote cooperation with China and boost bilateral ties.

DAR ES SALAAM, Feb. 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao arrived in the Tanzanian capital of Dar es Salaam Saturday night for a state visit to the eastern African nation.     Hu was greeted by Tanzanian President Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete and a local performance at the airport.     In a statement released upon arrival, Hu said the bilateral relationship has been developing in a sound and smooth way since 45 years ago when the diplomatic ties were established.     "It can be viewed as an exemplary relationship of sincerity, solidarity and cooperation between China and an African country and between two developing countries," Hu said.     The president said his visit is aimed at enhancing mutual trust, expanding cooperation, planning for the future and lifting the friendly and cooperative relations to a new high.     Hu said he is expecting an in-depth exchange of views with President Kikwete and other Tanzanian leaders on the bilateral relations and regional and international issues of mutual interest.     During his stay here, Hu will also meet with Zanzibar President Amani Abeid Karume, attend the completion ceremony of Tanzania's state stadium, visit a cemetery for Chinese experts, and deliver a key-note speech at a welcoming meeting on Monday. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R, front) is greeted upon his arrival at the airport in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Feb. 14, 2009. Hu arrived here on Saturday night for a state visit to Tanzania.Tanzania is the fourth stop of Hu's five-nation tour, which was described as "a journey of friendship and cooperation." Earlier, Hu visited Saudi Arabia, Mali and Senegal. The week-long tour will also take him to Mauritius before flying back home on Tuesday.     This is Hu's second African tour since the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation in 2006 when he announced eight policy measures to promote ties with Africa, including massive tariff cuts and debt exemptions for scores of African countries, and doubling aid to Africa over a three-year period.     In talks with Malian President Amadou Toumany Toure on Thursday, Hu said China would increase aid to African countries, cancel part of their debts, and expand trade with and investment in the poorest continent despite the world financial crisis.     The year 2009 will witness a 200-percent increase in aid accords with African countries in value terms as compared to 2006,according to the Chinese Commerce Ministry.     "In 2009, the Chinese leaders will continue to take the development of relations with Africa as a top priority of Chinese diplomacy," Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi told Xinhua last month. 

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BEIJING, April 15 (Xinhua) -- Foreign direct investment (FDI) in China posted a 20.6 percent year-on-year decline in the first quarter to 21.78 billion U.S. dollars, the Ministry of Commerce announced Wednesday.     In March, FDI was 8.4 billion U.S. dollars, the biggest amount since October 2008 which was 8.35 billion U.S. dollars. However, the March figure was down 9.5 percent from a year earlier, ministry spokesman Yao Jian said at a news conference.     March was the sixth consecutive month that FDI fell. The good news is that the decline eased from the 15.81 percent drop in February and a 32.67 percent drop in January.     Zhang Hanya, an economist with the National Development and Reform Commission said a reduced decline indicated overseas investors growing confidence in the country's economic recovery.     Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said Saturday that the Chinese economy showed signs of positive improvement in the first quarter as a result of the economic stimulus package adopted by China.     Yao added stable investment inflows were important for the country to stabilize exports, enhance employment and boost consumption as the government tries to make China more attractive to investors.     The ministry said in March it was shifting authority for approving certain foreign investments to provincial governments.

DAKAR, Feb. 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao will pay a state visit to Senegal on Feb. 13-14, during which the two countries will sign new agreements on economic and technical cooperation, the Chinese ambassador in the West African country announced here on Thursday.     At the invitation of his Senegalese counterpart Abdoulaye Wade, President Hu will make the visit to further enhance the friendly ties between the two countries since diplomatic relations were resumed in October 2005, Chinese Ambassador Lu Shaye told a press conference.     The visit is part of the Chinese president's five-nation trip on Feb. 10-17, which will also take him to Saudi Arabia, Mali, Tanzania and Mauritius.     The Chinese Foreign Ministry said on Tuesday that Hu's visit is aimed at further consolidating China's friendship and cooperation with these countries, strengthening China's cooperation with the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, and promoting the implementation of the measures announced at the 2006 Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation.

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SHENYANG, Feb. 18 (Xinhua) -- A senior Party official on Tuesday called for all-out efforts to safeguard fairness, justice and social stability, through improving the political and legal work and developing the law-enforcement sector.     Zhou Yongkang, member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau, made the remarks at a workshop on political and legal work and safeguarding stability in northeast China, held in Shenyang, the capital of northeastern Liaoning Province.     Zhou, who also heads the Central Political Science and Law Commission (CPSLC) of the CPC, made an inspection tour of the three northeastern provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning from Feb. 11-16 and attended the workshop on Wednesday.     The senior Party official urged local authorities, political and legal departments in particular, to implement central government's policies and integrate their efforts to safeguard social stability with efforts to achieve economic development.     "Social stability relies on economic development," he said.     Zhou told local authorities to conduct an assessment on social risks before deciding on a new policy. Officials should visit communities and villages to hear complaints from the people and learn about people's will, so as to resolve contradictions and disputes at the grassroots level, he said.     The official urged leading officials and law-enforcers to play a role in protecting the dignity and authority of socialist legal system.     "Every citizen must express their will and protect their rights in a reasonable and lawful way, so as to jointly safeguard the general stable situation of reforms and development," he said.     Law-enforcement must always give top priority to the Party's cause, the people's rights and interests, and the Constitution and law, Zhou said. He urged law-enforcers to be a guard for the safety of people's life and properties as well as social fairness and justice.     The workshop was presided by Minister of Public Security Meng Jianzhu, who is also a state councilor and deputy secretary of the CPSLC.     Wang Shengjun, president of the Supreme People's Court, also spoke at the workshop.

BEIJING, Feb. 23 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping's just-concluded Latin American and European tour has strengthened bilateral ties, broadened consensus and boosted cooperation with these countries, a senior Chinese official said Monday.     Xi's two-week trip to Mexico, Jamaica, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil and Malta, as well as Fiji, where he made a transit stop, was pragmatic and fruitful, said Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Li Jinzhang.     SIGNIFICANT VISIT WITH FAR-REACHING IMPACT     Xi's visit to Latin America was a major Chinese diplomatic move since President Hu Jintao's trip to the region last year, said Li.     Last November, Hu traveled to Latin America for a visit that produced a broad consensus on forming a partnership of all-round cooperation with the region on the basis of equality, mutual benefit and common development. Earlier, China issued its first policy paper on Latin America and the Caribbean.     During his visit to the five Latin American nations, Xi further clarified China's policies on Latin America and stressed that China is ready to join hands with Latin American nations to further enhance cooperation and elevate China-Latin America relations to a new high, Li said.     In a speech at a seminar attended by Chinese and Venezuelan entrepreneurs, Xi raised a five-point proposal on strengthening the all-round cooperation for common development between China and Latin American nations amid the current global economic landscape.     Li described Xi's visit to Latin America as a follow-up action to push forward China's relations with the region.     The Chinese vice president's visit came before the Group of 20 summit scheduled for April in London to address the ongoing global financial crisis, Li noted.     During the trip, Xi called for a long-term perspective in planning and confidence building and urged a combination of promoting bilateral cooperation and ensuring the steady and sustained growth of China's economy. As a result, the visit has yielded remarkable results and a far-reaching political impact, Linoted.     Xi's visit highlighted China's efforts to work with these countries to tackle the financial downturn and turn the crisis into an opportunity, Li said.     Xi's trip brought him to mostly developing countries. During his visit, Xi stressed the need for developing countries to work together in tiding over the financial crisis, he said.     Xi and leaders of these countries reached broad consensus on joint efforts to achieve the UN Millennium Development Goals, tackle the challenges and seek common development, he added.     During Xi's visit, the governments and enterprises from these countries voiced their willingness to cooperate with China and welcomed China to trade with and invest in their countries and join them in exploitation of energy and natural resources and infrastructure construction. 　　VISIT TO GET ACROSS CHINA'S POLICIES ON KEY ISSUES     Xi's visit spanned three continents and two oceans. In every stop, Xi explained China's positions on key issues such as the international situation, the financial crisis, the upcoming G20 summit in London, the Doha round of trade talks as well as UN reforms.     He had in-depth exchanges of views with leaders of the host countries on enhancing cooperation and jointly tiding over the economic difficulties.     Leaders of the seven countries spoke highly of China's role in stabilizing the global economic and financial situation and promoting world peace and development.     Mexican and Brazilian leaders expressed readiness to beef up cooperation with China in international organizations and multilateral mechanisms and work together for a more fair and rational new international order, deal with financial crisis and win a greater say for the developing countries.     Colombian and Jamaican leaders appreciated China's contributions to stabilizing the world economy, saying the steady and relatively fast growth of China's economy will help other countries overcome financial crisis at an early date.     Xi also reiterated China's stance on the Taiwan and Tibet issues. The host countries all reaffirmed their adherence to the one-China policy.     The Chinese vice president welcomed the countries to participate in the Shanghai World Expo in 2010 and was given favorable responses by all. 　　FRUITFUL VISIT PACKED WITH SUBSTANTIAL ACTIVITIES     During his tour, Xi attended nearly 80 meetings, seminars, and other activities and held talks with leaders of the seven countries, exchanging views with them on bilateral ties as well as major international and regional issues of common concern.     He also witnessed the signing of over 60 cooperation documents in economy, finance, energy and mining, agriculture, infrastructure, high-tech and culture.     Xi held wide-ranging contacts with leaders of parliaments, political parties, regional leaders, and people from the media and academic communities.     Xi unveiled the first Confucius Institute in the Caribbean region, and broke ground for the Montego Bay Convention Center, a cooperation project by China and Jamaica.     Xi's visit uplifted China's relations with the seven countries, expanded their political mutual trust and strategic consensus, and deepened pragmatic cooperation, Li said. 　　BROAD PROSPECTS FOR FURTHER COOPERATION     Under the new consensus reached during Xi's visit, China and these countries will strengthen cooperation in trade, finance, energy and mining, agriculture, infrastructure construction, high-tech and culture.     The consensus laid a solid foundation for China and these countries to draw on each other's strength and achieve mutual benefit and win-win progress, Li said.     China and these countries are geographically far apart and have different social and cultural traditions, but their people have expressed an earnest wish to enhance friendship. Xi's visit served to push bilateral ties further forward, Li added.