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BEIJING, Dec. 8 (Xinhua) -- China's annual Central Economic Work Conference opened here Monday to set tone for the economic development next year.     Observers believed the three-day event would give priority to efforts to maintain stable economic growth.     They reckoned in 2009, China would see more risks for worse economic slowdown, more struggling smaller businesses, grim export situation and arduous task of transformation of economic growth pattern.     "It is imperative for China to maintain an economic growth of at least 8 percent," said Zhuang Jian, senior economist with Asian Development Bank's China Resident Mission.     It was hard for China to bear the consequences of a too slow GDP growth, Zhuang added, citing bankruptcy of numerous enterprises, more migrant workers being laid off and difficulties for college graduates to find jobs.     China's macro-economic policies experienced a dramatic adjustment-- from "preventing economic overheating and curbing inflation" at the beginning of this year to "maintaining growth through expanding domestic demand" at present. In the first three quarters, the nation saw its GDP growth slowed to a single-digit rate for the first time over the past five years, thanks partly to macro-economic control efforts and the ongoing financial woes worldwide.     "The Chinese economy has suspended continuous heating and proceeded into a period of slow down," Zhang Liqun, a researcher with the macro economy department under the Development Research Center of the State Council, commented.     "The slowdown was worse than expected," said Ma Jiantang, head of the National Bureau of Statistics.     Data from the bureau showed that the country's GDP growth was 10.6 percent in the first quarter, 10.1 percent in the second, and9 percent in the third.     President Hu Jintao said at the end of November that the Chinese economy was pressurized by global economic downturn, obvious ebbing of demand from abroad and weakening of the country's traditional competitive edge.     "Impact from the international financial tsunami on the Chinese economy has begun to show up, and to deepen into various sectors of the real economy," said Wang Yiming, deputy head of the macro economic research institute of the National Development and Reform Commission.     Since mid October, the Central Government has promulgated a string of policies and measures to prevent the national economy from sliding drastically. They included end of a tight monetary policy and commencement of a moderately easy one, shifting the fiscal policy from "prudent" to "active", starting projects to improve infrastructure and promote people's livelihood, and, expanding domestic demand.     The People's Bank of China announced tax exemptions and downpayment cuts as of Oct. 27 to boost the falling real estate sector. The minimum downpayment for a first-time buyer of a residence smaller than 90 square meters was reduced to 20 percent from 30 percent.     Interest rates on mortgages for first-time buyers were cut 0.27percentage point. The floor for interest rates was lowered to 70 percent of the central bank's benchmark rate.     The central bank cut benchmark interest rates by 0.27 percentage point as of Oct. 30, the third such move in six weeks.     The benchmark one-year deposit rate dropped to 3.60 percent from 3.87 percent, while the benchmark one-year lending rate fell from 6.93 percent to 6.66 percent.     Tax rebates were raised for 3,486 export items as of Nov. 1. The adjustment covered such labor-intensive industries as textiles, toys, garments, and high-tech products, accounting for 25.8 percent of products covered by customs tariffs. Rebate rates run roughly from 9 percent to 14 percent.     On Nov. 9, state councilors announced a four-trillion-yuan (583.9 billion U.S. dollars) economic-stimulus package, which was seen as the most exciting stimuli in 10 years.     To boost consumption, particularly in the rural areas where 900 million people inhabited, was important part of efforts to expand domestic demand, observers believed.     China has launched a scheme to subsidize rural residents for buying home appliances since the end of 2007. It is estimated that in a period of four years, nearly 480 million units of refrigerators, washing machines, color TV sets and cell phones, which were in huge demand among farmers, will be sold in rural areas nationwide. That means 920 billion yuan to be spent by rural consumers.     "There is still a large room for the government to mull more policies to boost consumption, such as raising the threshold for taxable income and increasing income for lower-income earners," said Cai Zhizhou, an economist with the prestigious Peking University.     Export has since long been a major driving force for the Chinese economy. Economists believed the stable development of smaller enterprises, particularly the exporters, which provided jobs for 75 percent of urban employees and rural migrant workers, was related to the stability of the enormous Chinese labor market.     How to prevent export from sliding down too fast is one of the top concerns of the Chinese government.     "It is no doubt that China's export situation will become more grim next year. However, if the country manages to maintain a moderately fast growth in foreign sales of machines and electronics, it will likely achieve a growth of more than 15 percent in export at large," said Mei Xinyu, a trade expert with the Ministry of Commerce.     China has taken a string of measures to boost development of smaller enterprises.     "It is necessary for the government to work out more detailed, effective methods to mitigate tax burdens and enhance credit support for smaller businesses, and to help them with their efforts to promote technical upgrading and explore more markets," said Zhao Yumin, another economist with the Ministry of Commerce.     The service sector, which was able to provide numerous jobs, was yet to be expanded substantially, Zhao added.     Zhang Xiaojing, a senior economist with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that it was definitely wrong for China to waive long-term goals for short-term interests. He believed that to promote the shift of economic growth pattern and maintain the sustainable economic growth would be one of the important topics for the ongoing Central Economic Work Conference.

Li Changchun (C), a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, visits a publishing showpiece exhibition in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 6, 2008. Li attended on Saturday night a publishing showpiece exhibition and a concert in celebration of 30 years' reform and opening-up.     BEIJING, Dec. 6 (Xinhua) -- Senior Chinese official Li Changchun attended on Saturday night a publishing showpiece exhibition and a concert in celebration of 30 years' reform and opening-up.     The exhibition and the concert were held by China Publishing Group Corporation.     Li, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, said during his visit that the company should strive to become a modernized publishing group with international competitiveness and influence. Li Changchun (front, R), a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, shakes hands with performers after a concert in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 6, 2008. Li attended on Saturday night a publishing showpiece exhibition and a concert in celebration of 30 years' reform and opening-up.     More than 100 showpieces of books, newspapers and electronic publications were shown in the exhibition.     Liu Yunshan, member of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau and head of the CPC Central Committee Publicity Department, also attended the event.

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BEIJING, Jan. 31 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao held a telephone conversation with his U.S. counterpart Barack Obama on bilateral ties Friday, with both sides expressing the willingness to further the ties.     The Chinese president said China is ready to strengthen dialogue, promote mutual trust and expand cooperation with the United States in a bid to confront various global challenges together and push forward a stable development of the Sino-U.S. relationship.     Hu said the core interest of either country should be respected by each other and taken into consideration.     As the contagious financial crisis is still producing severe influence to national economies and people's lives, the international community should strengthen coordination and promote closer cooperation to stand up to the challenge, Hu said.     Describing the Sino-U.S. ties as the most important bilateral relations for both sides, Obama said enhancing bilateral constructive dialogue and cooperation is in the interest of not only the two countries themselves, but the world at large.     The U.S. side is expecting closer cooperation with China on major international and regional issues, he said, adding that the U.S. government is willing to join hands with China to develop a more active and constructive bilateral relationship.     Hu Jintao said China acknowledged U.S. efforts in stabilizing the financial market and stimulating the economy, adding that China is willing to further strengthen communication and coordination with the U.S. side in macroeconomic policies, and firmly oppose trade and investment protectionism.     Hu said China will join hands with the United States to work toward fruitful achievements in April's Group of 20 (G20) summit in London and promote healthy and stable development of the world economy and finance.     Obama said it is crucial for the United States and China, the two most important economies, to enhance cooperation.     Both sides exchanged visit invitations. The two leaders agreed to meet in the Group of 20 (G20) summit slated for April in London.

BEIJING, Nov. 5 (Xinhua) -- Agreements on direct flights and shipping, signed on Tuesday in Taipei, are drawing strong interest from airlines and shipping companies from the mainland and Taiwan.     "Regular charter flights, instead of flights only weekends and festivals, were our long-term expectations," said Liu Shaoyong, the general manager of mainland-based China Southern Airlines. "Direct air routes are very good for our business."     A flight from the mainland to Taiwan via Hong Kong under the current arrangement takes two hours and 42 minutes and burns 16 tonnes of fuel. Under the new arrangement, flights will take 69 minutes and burn 7.3 tonnes of fuel.     "Less travel time and expense benefits both passengers and airlines," Liu said.     Wei Hsing-Hsiung, chairman of the board of Taiwan-based China Airlines, was glad to see the number of passenger charter flights increase from 36 on weekends to 108 a week.     "We have profits of about 1.5 million U.S. dollars from weekend charter flights. The figure is likely to reach 5 million dollars due to more flights, while the cost might fall by 20 percent as the route is shorter," he said.     The new agreement only opened one direct air route, between Shanghai and Taipei. Xiamen, the coastal city in southeastern Fujian Province directly opposite to Taiwan, was not included. Mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS) President Chen Yunlin(R) and Taiwan-based Straits Exchange Foundation (SEF) Chairman Chiang Pin-kung attend the symposia on industry and shipping in Taipei, southeast China's Taiwan Province, Nov. 5, 2008. They attended two symposia, one on industry and shipping and the other on finance, that were held against the backdrop of international financial crisis and struggling world economy in Taipei on Wednesday"We are expecting more air routes," said Yang Guanghua, general manager of Xiamen Airlines.     The flight distance between Xiamen and Taipei will be one third shorter than at present and the flying time will be about half, he said.     The two sides said in the agreement that they are going to negotiate another route linking the southern part of Taiwan with the mainland.     To cope with increasing flights, Yang's company plans to use 10more passenger planes next year, he said.     Taiwan's senior economic official Shih Yen-shiang told the local daily China Times on Wednesday that he estimated every direct trip across the Strait could save companies 300,000 New Taiwan dollars (about 9,000 U.S. dollars).     "Based on 4,000 trips a year, 1.2 billion dollars will be saved," he said.     Under the new agreement, the mainland and Taiwan will exempt each other's shipping firms from business and income taxes.     For the container divisions of Taiwan's three leading shipping lines -- Evergreen Marine, Wan Hai Lines and Yang Ming Group -- 60percent could be related to the mainland. Tax cuts will save each 2 to 3 billion NT dollars, another local newspaper, the Commercial Times, said.     Ningbo of eastern Zhejiang Province was one of the 63 ports that the mainland opened to Taiwan ships.     "The most direct effect will be increasing cargo volume," said Tong Mengda, chief economist of Ningbo Port Holding. "The voyage to Taiwan has been cut from 25 hours to ten. This is good for both shipping companies and ports."

ATHENS, Nov. 25 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao said here on Tuesday that China hopes to push its ties with Greece to a higher level.     The Chinese government has attached great importance to its relations with Greece and has been viewing the bilateral ties from a strategic and long-term perspective, Hu said during his meeting with Greek Prime Minister Costas Karamanlis.     China hopes to expand the scope of shared interests with Greece and push forward bilateral cooperation in various sectors, the Chinese president said.     He suggested that the two sides set up a guideline for long-term economic cooperation and establish a more effective communication platform for enterprises on both sides. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) meets with Greek Prime Minister Costas Karamanlis in Athens, capital of Greece, Nov. 25, 2008    He said that the Chinese government supports competent Chinese enterprises to invest in Greece and carry out mutually beneficial cooperation in telecom, energy, environmental protection, tourism and isle development.     He also proposed the two countries pay more attention to cooperation in the oceanic shipping industry.     In addition, China and Greece should devote major efforts to strengthening cultural cooperation, he said.     The two sides should enhance cooperation in language teaching, the protection of cultural relics, the press and publication, said the Chinese president.     Efforts should also be made to advance academic and youth exchanges and to explore cooperation potential in traditional medicine, disaster prevention and relief, as well as in social development, the Chinese president said.     Karamanlis said significant progress has been achieved in the Greek-Chinese ties after the two nations formed the comprehensive strategic partnership in 2006.     He echoed Hu by saying that the two sides should enhance cooperation in oceanic shipping and tourism.     Greece hopes to become a gateway of Chinese commodities into the region and welcomes Chinese people to visit the country, he said.     The two sides should also strengthen cooperation within international organizations as the world is faced with major challenges like the current financial crisis, the Greek prime minister said.     The two leaders also discussed Sino-European relations.     China is willing to work with its European partners to properly handle major issues of common concern and resolve differences in an effort to strengthen strategic mutual-trust, push forward cooperation in all areas and ensure the growth of the Sino-Europe comprehensive strategic partnership in the long run, Hu said.     He added that China appreciates the endeavor and contribution by Greece to the development of Sino-European ties and hoped the Greek side will play a more active role in the future.     For his part, Karamanlis promised to continue its active efforts in boosting China-EU relations in an all-round manner.     Hu arrived in Athens on Monday for a state visit to Greece, the last leg of his five-nation trip. He had earlier attended a financial summit in Washington and paid state visits to Costa Rica, Cuba and Peru, where he also attended the Economic Leaders' Informal Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum in Lima.

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MOSCOW, Oct. 28 (Xinhua) -- China and Russia issued a joint communique here Tuesday, pledging further efforts to strengthen strategic coordination and deepen cooperation in various fields.     The communique was signed by visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin at the 13th regular prime ministers' talks between the two countries. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd L) and Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin (2nd R) sign a joint communique on the 13th regular meeting between Chinese and Russian prime ministers in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008. Wen Jiabao and Putin held talks here Tuesday at the 13th regular meeting between Chinese and Russian prime ministersDuring his visit, Wen also held separate talks with Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and Speaker of the Russian Federation Council Sergei Mironov, and attended the third China-Russia Economic and Trade Summit Forum.     During his meeting with Medvedev, Wen and the Russian president had an in-depth exchange of views on the two countries' strategic coordination and cooperation, as well as major regional and international issues. Russian President Dmitry Medvedev (R) meets with visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008The two leaders said that the Sino-Russian strategic partnership of cooperation has witnessed rapid growth in recent years, with enhanced mutual trust and support and broadened cooperation in key areas.     The two sides agreed that it is important and urgent for China and Russia to comprehensively strengthen bilateral relations in the current complicated international situation. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (L) meets with Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008. Wen Jiabao and Putin held talks here Tuesday at the 13th regular meeting between Chinese and Russian prime ministersIn line with the spirits and principle of the treaty of good-neighborliness and friendly cooperation, China and Russia will implement all agreements and consensus reached by the two sides, promote mutual political trust, facilitate pragmatic cooperation and deepen strategic coordination, so as to benefit the two countries and peoples and make greater contributions to world peace and stability.     Wen and Putin noted that the prime ministers' regular talks have played a significant role in boosting pragmatic bilateral cooperation in various fields, saying both countries are willing to continue to better the mechanism and improve its efficiency. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao addresses the opening ceremony of the Third Sino-Russian economic forum in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008The two sides will make all events of the "national theme year" of China and Russia approved by the two heads of state a regular occurrence, implement the plan for the year of Russian language in2009 in China, and make preparations for the year of Chinese language in 2010 in Russia.     The two countries will make joint efforts to further expand trade and economic cooperation, so as to promote their economic development.     Both sides should give full play to the role of the China-Russia Chamber of Commerce of Machinery and Electronic Products, and take practical measures to increase high-tech products in bilateral trade. Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin addresses the opening ceremony of the Third Sino-Russian economic forum in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 28, 2008.The two sides will, in the principle of equality and mutual benefit, make use of the Sino-Russian investment promotion conference and take measures so as to sign a draft plan of China-Russia investment cooperation at an early date, to create a sound investment environment, effectively protect the legal rights and interests of investors, implement investment projects of mutual interests, and expand cooperation in industrial projects, infrastructure construction and renovation.     They will continue to step up regional cooperation along the border, to further regulate the cross-border trade order, improve the structure of commodities, and upgrading the infrastructure in port cities.     The two sides reaffirmed that energy cooperation is an important part of the China-Russia strategic partnership of cooperation, and the two nations should deepen energy cooperation on the basis of mutual benefit.     Both sides agreed to support cooperation in oil and gas, including long-term trade of crude oil, the construction of oil pipelines linking Russia and China, the upstream and downstream cooperation in oil fields, natural gas supply and the establishment of natural gas processing and chemical enterprises.     The two sides also agreed to widen and deepen long-term cooperation in space technology to ensure the completion of the 2007-2009 space cooperation program as scheduled.     In the fields of science and technology, China and Russia, by combining their efforts in high priority fields of scientific research, will implement joint projects with great innovative potential and commercial prospects. The two sides will further promote cooperation in nanotechnology, energy, energy saving, ecology and rational utilization of natural resources.     The two sides also agreed to push forward cooperation in transportation and traffic infrastructure, enhance cooperation in such areas as trade and project financing, bank card and export credit insurance, and to further cooperation in the civil aviation sector.     They spoke highly of bilateral cooperation in telecommunication and information and communication technology, and pledged to improve the cooperative mechanism in anti-monopoly, supervision of advertisement law and anti-unfair competition, and to expand and deepen cooperation in information exchange in the border area.     Both sides will continue to expand cooperation in disaster relief and strengthen relevant exchange in science and technology and information.     The two sides are willing to boost cooperation in environmental protection and reasonable utilization and protection of cross-border water.     They agreed to continue to organize and hold activities of cultural exchanges between the youths of China and Russia, including an art festival, summer or winter camps and language competitions.     The two sides expressed satisfaction with the successful Russian cultural festival in China this year and support for the Chinese cultural festival in Russia in 2009, which they said will be an important event marking the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between the two countries.     The two sides will encourage their libraries, museums and theaters to set up direct contacts and develop cooperation.     Both countries will also continue to deepen cooperation in health-care services, especially in such fields as prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, rest cure and medicine supervision.     They will facilitate sports exchanges and cooperation, agreeing to hold the 3rd China-Russia youth games in 2009.     The two sides will comprehensively implement bilateral accords and programs in tourism, and improve the mechanism and expand cooperation in such fields as media, movie production and file management.     They agreed to hold the 14th regular prime ministers' talks in China next year on a date to be decided through diplomatic discussions.     During the 13th prime ministers' regular talks, the two countries signed a number of documents, including several agreements on cooperation in such fields as energy, banking and high technology.     Wen arrived here Monday for a three-day official visit to Russia aimed at strengthening China's strategic partnership with the country.     Russia is the first leg of Wen's two-nation tour, which will also take him to Kazakhstan.

BEIJING, Oct. 18 (Xinhua) -- China's quality watchdog said on Saturday the latest tests on Chinese milk powder found no trace of melamine.     It was the seventh round of tests for the industrial chemical since the report of the tainted baby formula scandal that left at least three infants dead and sickened more than 50,000 others, according to the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine.     The tests covered 105 batches of baby formula from 20 brands in 10 provinces and 161 batches of other milk powder from 52 brands in 15 provinces, the agency said.     So far, 804 batches of baby formula from 66 brands and 1,126 batches of other milk powder from 161 brands produced after Sept. 14 have been tested and none contained melamine.     Earlier on Friday, the agency said the 12th round of tests found that Chinese liquid dairy products met the new temporary restrictions on melamine.     So far, the quality watchdog had conducted sample tests on 5,797 batches of liquid dairy products manufactured after Sept. 14from 136 brands and found all safely under the limit.     Last week, the government set temporary melamine content limits in dairy products of a maximum of 1 mg per kg of infant formula and a maximum 2.5 mg per kg for liquid milk, milk powder and food products that contained at least 15 percent milk.     Melamine, often used in the manufacturing of plastics, was added to sub-standard or diluted milk to make the protein levels appear higher.

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BEIJING, Dec. 27 (Xinhua) -- The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), China's top legislature, concluded its week-long meeting on Saturday, with approval of the amendments of the Earthquake Prevention Law and the Patent Law.     President Hu Jintao has signed on the two amendments for them to take effect.     The session was presided by Wu Bangguo, chairman of the NPC Standing Committee and member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau.     A resolution was adopted at the meeting, deciding that the Second Session of the Eleventh NPC will be inaugurated in Beijing on March 5, 2009. Wu Bangguo, chairman of China National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee and member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau, attends the sixth session of the 11th NPC Standing Committee at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, on Dec. 27, 2008.    The top legislature also approved a multilateral treaty signed by the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) member states on joint military drills and a bilateral treaty of judicial cooperation on criminal cases with the United Arab Emirates (UAE).     Wu made a speech after the completion of all the procedural issues, saying that NPC deputies and members of the NPC Standing Committee and its special committee have paid great attention to the country's economic situation since September.     As a result, the session held an additional hearing on a State Council report on taking pro-active measures to deal with the global financial crisis and ensure a stable and relatively fast economic growth, according to the top legislator.     He spoke highly of the Party Central Committee's timely decisions to readjust the country's macro-economic control policy, by changing the primary job to maintaining a stable and relatively fast economic growth and bringing the economic growth under control to prevent an excessive inflation, from the prevention of excessive economic growth and a remarked inflation, a goal set at the beginning of this year.     The top lawmaker hailed the country's success in 2008 in fighting natural disasters, hosting the Beijing Olympic Games and Paralympics, projecting the Shenzhou-7 manned spacecraft, achieving its economic, environmental and agricultural goals, and having people's life further improved and keeping the general situation stable. He praised the State Council and local governments for their efforts to achieve these goals.     In his speech, the top legislator analyzed the international and domestic situation, and he warned that while carrying out a pro-active financial policy, substantial efforts must be made to prevent low-level and overlapped construction and a new round of urban expansion.

BEIJING, Nov. 8 (Xinhua) -- China's first non-governmental community foundation, the Arcadia Public Welfare Foundation, was launched at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on Saturday.     The foundation was established with 100 million yuan (about 14.65 million U.S. dollars) donated by Shenzhen Airtown (Eastern) Industrial Co. Ltd. and Shenzhen Arcadia Real Estate Group.     "In the past, it was largely the government that took care of China's communities, but now social groups are playing a vigorous part," said Wang Jinhua, an official in charge of community construction of the Ministry of Civil Affairs.     Arcadia, a residential community built on landfill in Shenzhen, the city that was China's window of reform and opening-up, has received domestic and overseas habitat awards since 2005.     Li Aijun, board chairman of the Shenzhen Arcadia Real Estate Group, said the foundation planned to provide financial aid for community welfare projects, such as senior citizens' housing, schools, recreation facilities and environmental protection teams.     The first project will help a local hospital improve community health care and provide free exams.