抗战胜利爱国卫生工作总结报告

简论展会筹备过程中的风险管理

SHANGHAI: A revised rule that forces shipping companies to shoulder the cost of cleaning up pollution from maritime accidents, such as oil spills, in China's waters, is likely to take effect next year, if not sooner, a senior official with China Maritime Safety Administration (MSA) said Wednesday.If the revised regulation is approved by the State Council, companies such as Sinopec, PetroChina and the China National Offshore Oil Corp (CNOOC) will be required to contribute to a special compensation and clean-up fund, Liu Gongcheng, executive director of China MSA, said.Liu told a press conference prior to the 2007 Shanghai International Maritime Forum, which kicked off Wednesday, the fund will boost the country's emergency response capabilities to maritime pollution disasters.The official declined to say how big the fund could be.The rules also include a scheme asking all ships using its seawaters to purchase insurance.Liu said the mechanism, already in the pipeline for two years, is one of China MSA's measures to handle possible oil spill pollution, as the ocean environment faces greater pressure with increased shipping traffic, including oil cargo ships to and from China's coast.Figures showed more than 90 percent of China's oil imports - 145 million tons last year - is transported by sea. Some 163,000 tankers of all sizes sailed into and out of China's ports last year, an average of 446 every day."The size of oil tankers is also getting bigger, up to 300,000 tons, which has added to the risk," Liu said. "If only 1 percent of the oil is spilled, we will be confronted with a catastrophe."Oil spills can wreak havoc on sea life, fishing and tourism. They cost millions of yuan to clean up and even more in compensation and damages, he said.The oil spill from the tanker Prestige, which sank off Spain in November 2002, leaked 77,000 tons of oil that caused several billion dollars worth of damage.In the past year, there have been several oil spills in domestic seawaters that involved 500 to 600 tons of oil, but didn't cause serious pollution due to emergency response, Liu said.Losses caused by ships using international waters can be covered by insurance in accordance with international conventions.However China urgently needs a mechanism to cover the costs many small- and medium-sized ship owners cannot afford."It is not fair to let the clean-up companies shoulder the cost, so the compensation fund can be especially useful in that situation," he said.The administration is continuing to invest in facilities and enhance China's emergency response capabilities.

The Chinese government expresses strong dissatisfaction about the U.S. decision to impose penalty tariffs against the imports of Chinese coated free sheet paper, Wang Xinpei, spokesman for China's Ministry of Commerce, said early Saturday. The Department of Commerce of the United States on Friday announced its preliminary decision to apply U.S. anti-subsidy law to the imports of coated free sheet paper from China. "This action of the U.S. side goes against the consensus reached by the leaders of both countries to resolve differences through dialogue," Wang said. "China strongly requires the U.S. side to reconsider the decision and make prompt changes," the spokesman said, adding China will closely watch the development of the issue and protect its own legitimate rights. In 1984 the United States set the policy of not applying anti-subsidy law to "non-market economies". Such a practice had been taken as a judicial precedent and had not been changed, Wang said. The preliminary decision of the U.S. Commerce Department made a bad instance and it obviously does not conform with the current judicial precedent of U.S. courts and the consistent practice of the U.S. Commerce Department, the spokesman said. While regarding China as a non-market economy, the U.S. ignored the strong protests from China and decided to apply its anti-subsidy law against China. "The decision brings great harm to the interests and feelings of Chinese business people and is not acceptable," Wang said.The U.S. Department of Commerce on Friday announced its preliminary decision to apply U.S. anti-subsidy law to imports from China. The decision alters a 23-year old bipartisan policy of not applying the countervailing duty (CVD) law to China, which the U.S. government regarded as a "non-market economy", said the Department of Commerce in a statement, adding the change reflects China's economic development. "China's economy has developed to the point that we can add another trade remedy tool, such as the countervailing duty law. The China of today is not the China of years ago," said Commerce Secretary Carlos M. Gutierrez. The U.S. government also claimed that Chinese producers and exporters of coated free sheet paper received countervailable subsidies ranging from 10.90 to 20.35 percent. From 2005 to 2006, imports of coated free sheet paper products from China increased approximately by 177 percent in volume, and were valued at an estimated at 224 million dollars in 2006.

QINGDAO, Shandong: China is likely to replace the United States as the world's third most popular tourism destination next year, a United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) official said. At present, China ranks fourth, after France, Spain and the United States. Last year, China accounted for 5.8 percent of the global tourism market, a growth of 0.3 percent compared with two years ago. Twenty-nine percent of tourists who traveled to Asia and the Pacific last year also visited China. Xu Jing, regional representative for Asia and the Pacific of UNWTO, said the market share percentages of China and the US last year were very close. "I am confident China will overtake the US next year," he said at the 2007 China (Qingdao) International Olympics & Tourism Forum, which concluded on Friday. UNWTO forecast last year that China would become the most popular destination by the year 2020. At the beginning of this year, it revised its forecast to 2015. Xu said the forecast was revised because of the rapid development of the country's tourism industry. The number of overseas travelers to China has increased from 10.5 million in 1996 to 49 million in 2006. The 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing and the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai, will further boost China's tourism market. The Pacific and Asia Travel Association said inbound tourism to China will increase by 5 percent year-on-year between 2007 and 2009.

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China's State Council on Friday approved a new regulation designed to make it easier for the public to lodge complaints against what they deem unjust government decisions. According to the Regulation on Implementing Administrative Review Law, the public has the right to ask the government to review its actions and decisions that they believe have infringed upon their rights. "It is an important platform for China's administrative organs to solve disputes, ease social tension and strengthen inner monitoring," said an official with the State Council's legal office. To ensure officials do not pass the buck, the regulation also stipulates that government bodies at all levels must take petitions seriously or their chief officials may be sacked. The regulation is based on the Administrative Review Law China adopted in 1999, the official said. Since then an average of more than 80,000 disputes have been resolved every year. The official said that the new regulation would be a more efficient means for the public to file complaints to the government than compared with filing lawsuits and petitioning. "Many of the disputes are thus settled at grassroots and rudimentary level and do not have to go to courts," the official said. "It tightens the affinity between the government and the public, and helps improve the government image." The regulation will take effect on August 1.

BEIJING -- China will strengthen anti-money laundering checks and monitoring at the securities and insurance companies to safeguard financial security, Central Bank Governor Zhou Xiaochuan said Friday.China's anti-money laundering efforts were in the initial stage and needed further improvement, Zhou told the fourth trans-ministerial meeting on anti-money laundering in Beijing.The government would work to amend the Criminal Law to improve the efficiency of anti-money laundering investigations, indictments and trials, he said.The government planned to clamp down on the money laundering and money-raising activities by terrorists at the non-financial sectors, including property, lottery and law offices.The People's Bank of China (PBOC) would set up an with the Customs Offices and put in place a declaration system for unregistered marketable securities on arrivals and departures, said Zhou.China was also committed to strengthening cooperation with the overseas financial intelligence centers and improving the mechanism to prevent and crack down on the illegal transnational fund flows, he added.

SHANGHAI: In a fresh sign of China¡¯s financial strength, a leap in the shares of Industrial & Commercial Bank of China Monday made it the world¡¯s biggest bank by market capitalisation, overtaking US giant Citigroup. ICBC¡¯s Shanghai-listed A shares surged 2.68% to 5.75 yuan, giving it a market capitalisation of 4bn, according to Reuters calculations. That exceeded the 1bn capitalisation of Citigroup, previously the world¡¯s biggest bank, when its shares closed at .73 in New York on Friday. HSBC Holdings was in third place with 5bn. Shares in ICBC, which listed in Shanghai and Hong Kong last October, have gained 15% this month on the back of a rally in China¡¯s booming stock market as well as strong growth in the bank¡¯s own earnings. Weakness in Citigroup¡¯s share price, and appreciation of the yuan against the dollar have also shifted market values in favour of ICBC. But some analysts believe ICBC¡¯s ballooning capitalisation may also be a sign of a dangerously overheated Shanghai stock market as speculating Chinese investors pour money into shares. ICBC, a state-controlled behemoth which is trying to modernise a creaky branch network operating almost entirely inside China, reported income of bn last year. Citigroup, one of the world¡¯s most sophisticated financial institutions with operations around the globe, reported income almost four times as large, at bn. ICBC¡¯s share price yesterday valued it at 28 times analysts¡¯ forecasts for its earnings per share in 2007, far above 11 times for Citigroup and an average of 16 times for major global banks, according to Reuters Estimates. ¨C Reuters

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BEIJIN - A Chinese zoo will compensate a man whose daughter was mauled to death by a tiger while she was waiting to have her picture taken with it, the official Xinhua news agency said on Wednesday. Visitors pose for a picture with a tiger chained to a shelf at a park in Huaibei, East China's Anhui Province in this March 26, 2006 file photo.[newsphoto] The six-year-old was preparing to be photographed with a tiger from a local circus last month when a camera flash startled the animal and it turned on the girl who was standing behind, "biting her head", the report said. Kunming zoo, in China's southwest, will pay the father 340,000 yuan (,980), it added. "Nothing can compensate for the loss of my daughter. I hope the government can ban dangerous circus performances in case more people are hurt," Xinhua quoted father Mo Jicai as saying. In 2001, a female worker at the same zoo was also killed by a tiger. And in January, a tiger at the Kunming Wildlife Park attacked another child, but zookeepers were able to open the animal's mouth and save the child, Xinhua said.

The China Meteorological Ad-ministration (CMA) Tuesday announced the completion of a national climate observation network to help mitigate global warming.CMA director Zheng Guo-guang said the network would collect accurate information about climate change."Climate change is threatening the environment, state security and economic development," Zheng said.Responding to a UN plan, China's first climate observation network was set up in 1997. Seven departments - meteorology, water affairs, agriculture, environmental protection, forestry, ocean and scientific research - joined the network.The network set up 16 key observation areas, Zhang Renhe, director of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Director, said.These are: Atmosphere and land systems in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, glacier; water and ecological systems in the Tianshan Mountain area; Xilingol pastures in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region; Dunhuang desert in Gansu Province; forests in Northeast China; water circulation systems in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces; agriculture in the Yellow and Huaihe river basins; the lakes of Dongting and Poyang; the atmosphere around Mount Waliguan in Qinghai Province; ecological systems in source regions of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers; the economic belt around Beijing; economic development zones in the Yangtze and Pearl river deltas; Sichuan Basin; the land-ocean-atmosphere system around Bohai Sea; air-sea interaction in the South China Sea; and comprehensive oceanic observations.By observation and data processing, the network should provide data about temperatures, glaciers, frozen soil, accumulated snow, aerosoles, greenhouse gases, ozone, plant and soil."This data can help China predict natural disasters, strengthen forecasts of extreme weather events and be more adaptable when it comes to industrial projects," Zheng said.A National Climate Change Program was released in June, which pledged to cut greenhouse gas emissions, but with no specific goals.

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Chinese residents along the Huaihe River have been urged to gear up for their second tough combat against floods in a week as the receding flood water on some branches started rising again on Saturday after torrential rains.The upper-reach Nanwan Water Dam and Shishankou Reservoir have got an average rainfall of 150 mm and 315 mm respectively on Friday, resulting a twist in the ongoing combat against the worst flooding on the Huaihe River since 1954. ¡¡ Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao talks to a child during his visit to the flood-hit Funan County in East China's Anhui Province, July 13, 2007. Continuous heavy rainfall has been battering a large part of eastern and southern China, with some parts witnessing the worst floods in decades. [newsphoto]The water level on the crucial Wangjiaba Hydrological Station may soon surge above the danger line as more rains have been forecast in the next few days, said Cheng Dianlong, deputy director of the Office of the Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters. Thirteen sluices at Wangjiaba station were opened Tuesday to divert flood water into the Mengwa Buffer Zone home to 150,000 people to provide relief to more than 2 million flood-hit residents in Henan Province. ¡¡ Nearly half a million people have been evacuated from the projected path of floodwater from the Huaihe River by Friday. Cheng said that the Henan hydrological departments on the upper reaches have made good use of reservoirs and water dams to alleviate pressure downstream Saturday. The flux into the Nanwan Reservoir registered at 2,760 cubic meters per second, however that out of the reservoir was¡¡reduced to 200 cubic meters per second. "The Huaihe riverbanks have been lashed by swelling water for several days. Putting up good defense will become increasingly difficult as more torrential rains are to come," he said. The headquarters issued an emergency notice Saturday to all local governments along the Huaihe River, requiring them to surmount fatigue, remain high alert and carry forward the spirit fostered in battling the 1998 Yangtze River flooding which killed more than 3,000 people and inflicted about 100 billion yuan (about 13 billion U.S. dollars) in economic losses. The notice urged them to take all adverse situations into consideration to reinforce preventive measures, continue to put the human first and safeguard the lives and assets of the people by arranging for relocation in advance. Along the Yangtze River, Guizhou, Hunan and Hubei provinces and Chongqing Municipality have been stricken by floodwater as heavy rainfall had lifted up the water levels of some branches. The Pipazui and Zhengjiahe Hydrological Stations on the tributary Fuhe River have both registered their highest water levels in history. Landslides triggered by mountain torrents killed six and caused three missing in Zhijin County of Guizhou Province, affected more than 673,000 people in Chongqing and inflicted the municipality 182 million yuan in direct economic losses. Some 1,630 people in Jingshan County of Hubei were evacuated in emergency as the water collected in downtown areas were 0.5 to 1.5 meter deep. By Friday, a total of 403 Chinese had been killed with 105 missing and 3.17 million people have been relocated as the rainy season coupled with ferocious flood waters continues to batter central and southern China.

Walking up on a dais in traditional Chinese dress to receive your baccalaureate degree. Well, that can become a reality if a Peking University design contest throws up something novel and exciting enough to replace the Western-style gown, which till now have been worn by students. The prestigious seat of higher learning, long known for its tradition of innovation, launched the academic-gown designing contest on Thursday. The criterion: the costume has to be traditionally Chinese. The top design could become a must at the university's graduation ceremony in the not-so-distant future, according to the university's Communist Youth League committee, which is in charge of students' activities. "If the gown proves a success, we could introduce it in other universities, too," committee director Han Liu said. The contestants, students and teachers both, have been asked to submit their gown and cap designs before June 8. After the preliminary eliminations, the selected costumes will be displayed at this year's graduation ceremony on July 3. "It's an innovation because students in all Chinese colleges today use the same Western-style gown," said Lu Peng, another committee official. "It's also part of our campaign to promote culture and tradition on campus." Colleges students used to wear different types of gowns at the graduation ceremony till the State Council's Academic Degrees Committee promoted a standard one, the Western-style gown, in 1994. The degrees committee, however, told China Daily on Friday that it was not compulsory for all colleges to use the same gown. Scholars and students have been asking if Chinese people should wear traditional clothes on important occasions, such as graduation ceremonies. "Why should Chinese students wear Western gowns while receiving their degrees?" Sui Yue said. Sui is a sophomore and president of Peking University's Costume and Culture Association for Communication, a students' association that's helping organize the contest. The contest is open to all traditional Chinese clothes, she said, but "hanfu", the pre-17th century traditional dress of the Han Chinese, the majority ethnic group of China, has the edge because of its popularity among students. Wide sleeves, crossed collar-bands, layered robes and a fabric belt are the striking features of the hanfu. The contest reflects the revival of traditional Chinese culture, Li Zhisheng, a professor of history at Peking University, said.