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BEIJING, Dec. 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese media selected the 10 most popular phrases from the past three decades to mark the official 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening up, which falls on this month.     When China began to reform and open-up 30 years ago, people began experiencing, seeing and doing new things. In fact things were so new, they needed to create new words to describe what was happening.     In order of popularity, starting with number one:     "Go in for business"     In the 1980s when China was starting to transition from a planned economy to a market economy, it had a two-track pricing system (official and market prices) for industrial raw materials, including steel, non-ferrous metals, timber and coal.     Seeing business opportunities within the pricing system, many people, especially government employees and those from state-run factories or institutes, quit their jobs to open their own businesses.     "Going for business" was often used to refer to the phenomena of people breaking away from the constraints of a planned system to embrace the market economy. 　　"Be laid off and get re-employed"     To adapt to the market economy and improve competitiveness of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the 1990s, China began restructuring.     "Encouraging mergers, standardizing bankruptcy, laying off and reassigning redundant workers, streamlining for higher efficiency" was a guideline in the SOEs reforms.     No official statistics show how many workers were laid off during that period, but experts estimate the number could be tens of millions.     To avoid social unrest and help most of those workers find new jobs, the Chinese central government offered occupational trainings, small loans and preferential tax policies.     "Migrant worker"     China's reform and opening-up drive started in rural areas in 1978 with collectively-owned farmland contracted to individual families. This freed about 100 million peasants from farm work.     However, most of these people were tied to the countryside by a residence-based rationing system for virtually everything, including food. About 63 million of these former farmers were given jobs in village-run enterprises that mushroomed in those days.     A policy change in 1984 allowed them to find jobs in cities but the massive migration of rural laborers didn't start until after China decided to move to a market economy in 1992.     The rapid inflow of investors created many construction, factory and mining jobs, most of which urban dwellers consider too tiring or dirty.     The number of migrants grew from 60 million in 1992 to 120 million in 2003 and 210 million this year, according to central government figures.     The work of the migrant population has generated 21 percent of China's gross domestic product in the past 30 years, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences has found. But migrant workers face various problems, including delayed pay schedules, no or low work-place injury compensation, lack of health care and little schooling for their children.     "It doesn't matter if a cat is black or white, so long as it catches mice."     This sentence was used by late leader Deng Xiaoping, chief architect of China's reform and opening-up, on different occasions to clear up doubts as to whether the economic reform was capitalist or socialist.     The sentence helped stop ideological arguments at the early stage of reform and encouraged generations of Chinese to pursue their dreams in the market economy. 　　"Surfing the Internet"     The Internet was introduced in China more than 10 years ago. It quickly gained popularity and impacted society.     While online music, instant communication services, video streaming and online games greatly entertained millions of Chinese, the Internet also became a powerful news medium where information was disclosed, shared and publicized quickly.     Through June, China had 221 million netizens, according to the Data Center of China Internet (DCCI). The netizen population, which had already surpassed that of the United States to become the world's largest, would increase to 263 million by the end of this year, DCCI forecasted.     E-commerce transactions amounted to 2 trillion yuan (about 300 billion U.S. dollars) in 2007 and 25 percent of netizens had bought something online after "surfing the Internet" as of June this year. 　　"Reform and opening-up"     In 1978, a group of villagers from Xiaogang village in eastern Anhui Province decided to adopt a household contract responsibility system, which entrusted the management and production of public owned farmland to individual households through long-term contracts.     Later the system, described by then Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping as "a great invention of Chinese farmers", was widely adopted across the country and triggered economic reform.     Over the past 30 years, the country witnessed significant changes in comprehensive national strength, people's living standards and international influence thanks to the reform and opening-up policy.     China's share of the world's combined gross output rose to 6 percent at the end of 2007, compared with just 1.8 percent in 1978when its reform and opening-up began, according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).     Fast economic growth over the past 30 years lifted China's GDP ranking in the world from 10th in 1978 to fourth after the United States, Japan and Germany     According to the NBS, China's per capita income jumped to 2,360U.S. dollars in 2007 from 190 U.S. dollars in 1978.     "Beijing Olympic Games"     Many believe that without opening-up, it would be impossible for China to host the 2008 Beijing Olympics.     The Games, commended by International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Jacques Rogge as "truly exceptional", were seen by the world as China's come-of-age show on the international stage.     China grabbed a total of 100 medals at the Beijing Games -- a coincidence as the country dreamt for 100 years to be the Olympic host -- and overtook the United States to top the gold medal count with 51.     As the most watched Games in history, with an estimated 4.5 billion TV and Internet viewers, the Beijing Olympics attracted the most participants, who were from a record 204 countries and regions.     "Speculate in stocks"     In 1990, China opened its first stock exchange in Shanghai, the country's industrial and financial center. In 1991, it set up its second bourse in Shenzhen, the country's first special economic zone.     China witnessed waves of stock crazes over the years and fluctuations in the stock market touch the nerves of millions of Chinese.     In 2007, the country saw a bull stock market, with the key benchmark Shanghai Composite Index soaring from 2,728 points in January to 5,261 points, or 92.85 percent, on December 28.     In fact, the market has been on a bullish run for 29 months from June 6, 2005 to November 2007, longer than the general bullish market cycle of 17 to 24 months.     But it has dipped since last November.     "Chinese characteristics"     The phrase became well-known as an answer by late leader Deng to the question of how China could improve its productivity and people's lives with its less-developed economy.     Deng's answer was "to build socialism with Chinese characteristics". It means China has its own way of development rather than copying other countries' experiences.     The phrase is frequently quoted by the Chinese and used in China's official documents.     "Rise abruptly"     The phrase, or "Xiong Qi" in Chinese meaning "Go! Go!", is a dialect of southwest China's Sichuan Province. It was originally used by football fans to inspire teams in the 1990s.     The phrase soon became popular among the Chinese public and was used widely outside the sports field to encourage people to keep up their spirits.     After the May 12 earthquake in Sichuan, Chinese used the phrase to show their care and support to the quake-affected areas and people.     The 10 phrases were selected by 15 Chinese media, including the Beijing Evening News, the Shanghai Evening Post, the Tianjin-based Jin Wan Bao, the Guangzhou-based Yangcheng Evening News and the Shanxi Evening News.     Newspapers, which are based in 15 provinces and municipalities, started soliciting catch phrases from the public in October, according to the Beijing Evening News.     The list, voted on by readers and netizens, was publicized in Shanghai on Saturday.

BEIJING, Oct. 15 (Xinhua) -- China will take measures to boost economic and social development in Tibetan regions in four provinces, according to a notice about a meeting chaired by Premier Wen Jiabao.     Wednesday's executive meeting of the State Council, the country's Cabinet, discussed how to support development in the Tibetan regions of Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan and Gansu provinces.     Tibetan regions in these areas are autonomous where Tibetans and people of other nationalities live together. The regions are the important plateau ecological barrier that cover the head-stream area of major rivers, such as the Yellow, Yangtze and Lancang.     The ecological environment in these areas are fragile with natural disasters occurring frequently. Infrastructure remained less developed, which hindered the development in these areas, the meeting said.     Measures should be taken to protect and build the ecological environment and improve people's living standard in these areas, and to make the income of urban and rural residents approach or reach the average level in western China by 2012 and approach national average by 2020.     Moreover, public services including education, public health and medical services should be improved in these areas, and infrastructure construction should be carried out to better support development.

NANJING, Jan. 11 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao on Sunday wrapped up his 3-day inspection tour in eastern Jiangsu Province, during which he urged to enhance confidence and put in place government measures to boost domestic demands.     Wen referred to "confidence" a number of times when he visited local businesses. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd L Front) visits Sunshine Group Co., Ltd. in east China's Jiangsu Province, Jan. 9, 2009. Wen made an inspection tour in Jiangsu Province from Jan. 9 to 11.     In the Jiangsu Sunshine Group, a clothes manufacturer, the company head told Wen that although the financial crisis hit the exporting businesses, their orders didn't drop as they kept bringing new products into the market.     Workers were busy working on those orders due before the Spring Festival, Chinese traditional New Year.     "The government's policies have created a favorable environment for businesses, but companies must be more creative and brave to overcome the financial crisis," Wen said. "You not only need to conquer the temporary difficulties, but also improve management, product quality and competitiveness, so as to be competitive in the world market." Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd L) talks to shoppers at Suguo supermarket in Nanjing, capital of east China's Jiangsu Province, Jan. 10, 2009. Wen made an inspection tour in Jiangsu Province from Jan. 9 to 11.     On Saturday, Wen visited a farm equipment manufacturer in Changzhou city. He asked about equipment sales when the company leader said the government's policies had been a great help for the company's development. The policies include changing value-added tax, enhancing tax rebate and giving allowance to farmers who buy farm equipment.     Wen encouraged the company to make the best farm equipment. "China has the world's largest population of farmers, and we should make the best farm equipment as well. I hope with your efforts, we could make it come true," Wen said.     During the tour, Wen visited many other companies, including oil companies, telecommunications manufacturers and food plants. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) visits Changfa Group in Changzhou City, east China's Jiangsu Province, Jan. 10, 2009. Wen made an inspection tour in Jiangsu Province from Jan. 9 to 11.     Wen had discussions with experts from different industries on overcoming the current financial crisis. He emphasized on "confidence", and urged to rejuvenate the economic as soon as possible.     Wen also visited Changzhou vocational education base, where he told students that ensuring employment is the government's major task in order to conquer the financial crisis.     "Knowledge is power, safety and happiness," Wen told the students. "I hope all of you can serve the people with your talents." Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) talks to local residents in the Xuanwu District of Nanjing, capital of east China's Jiangsu Province, Jan. 10, 2009. Wen made an inspection tour in Jiangsu Province from Jan. 9 to 11. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd R) talks to shoppers at Suguo supermarket in Nanjing, capital of east China's Jiangsu Province, Jan. 10, 2009. Wen made an inspection tour in Jiangsu Province from Jan. 9 to 11.

唐山补牙现在需要多少钱

BEIJING, Jan. 25 (Xinhua) -- Two TV rivals should have locked horns on Lunar New Year's Eve, but the alternative to the traditional China Central Television (CCTV) New Year gala, the "Shanzhai" show was just not available for most people in China.     Lao Meng, a Beijing-based wedding photographer who initiated a homemade gala focusing on performances by ordinary people, made the "Shanzhai" show - an "alternative" pastiche of CCTV's traditional gala. He called it "a real show by and for ordinary people."     The "Shanzhai" show which had claimed to be for college students and migrant workers who could not return home for the holiday, turned out to be only available on the Macao Asia Satellite TV (MASTV) and its website.     Most families in the country cannot get satellite TV channels, and the MASTV website page could not be opened from 8 p.m. to 11 p.m., when the show was on.     Lao Meng told Xinhua he did not know why, "maybe too many people were logging on to the website."     Lao Meng also said the show on MASTV was actually a recorded broadcast.     Unlike all CCTV gala's performers who performed live, Lao Meng and his performers were having a party to celebrate their "Shanzhai" gala in an indoor hall in Beijing on New Year's Eve.     Chen Jun, a magazine editor in Shanghai, said he was disappointed to not have access to the "Shanzhai" show.     "It was much all mouth and no trousers. I think it has let many people down," Chen said.     The "Shanzhai" gala had won wide support on the Internet and much media attention from home and abroad, as it claimed to make a show for common people and to challenge CCTV's gala.

BEIJING, Dec. 8 (Xinhua) -- China's annual Central Economic Work Conference opened here Monday to set tone for the economic development next year.     Observers believed the three-day event would give priority to efforts to maintain stable economic growth.     They reckoned in 2009, China would see more risks for worse economic slowdown, more struggling smaller businesses, grim export situation and arduous task of transformation of economic growth pattern.     "It is imperative for China to maintain an economic growth of at least 8 percent," said Zhuang Jian, senior economist with Asian Development Bank's China Resident Mission.     It was hard for China to bear the consequences of a too slow GDP growth, Zhuang added, citing bankruptcy of numerous enterprises, more migrant workers being laid off and difficulties for college graduates to find jobs.     China's macro-economic policies experienced a dramatic adjustment-- from "preventing economic overheating and curbing inflation" at the beginning of this year to "maintaining growth through expanding domestic demand" at present. In the first three quarters, the nation saw its GDP growth slowed to a single-digit rate for the first time over the past five years, thanks partly to macro-economic control efforts and the ongoing financial woes worldwide.     "The Chinese economy has suspended continuous heating and proceeded into a period of slow down," Zhang Liqun, a researcher with the macro economy department under the Development Research Center of the State Council, commented.     "The slowdown was worse than expected," said Ma Jiantang, head of the National Bureau of Statistics.     Data from the bureau showed that the country's GDP growth was 10.6 percent in the first quarter, 10.1 percent in the second, and9 percent in the third.     President Hu Jintao said at the end of November that the Chinese economy was pressurized by global economic downturn, obvious ebbing of demand from abroad and weakening of the country's traditional competitive edge.     "Impact from the international financial tsunami on the Chinese economy has begun to show up, and to deepen into various sectors of the real economy," said Wang Yiming, deputy head of the macro economic research institute of the National Development and Reform Commission.     Since mid October, the Central Government has promulgated a string of policies and measures to prevent the national economy from sliding drastically. They included end of a tight monetary policy and commencement of a moderately easy one, shifting the fiscal policy from "prudent" to "active", starting projects to improve infrastructure and promote people's livelihood, and, expanding domestic demand.     The People's Bank of China announced tax exemptions and downpayment cuts as of Oct. 27 to boost the falling real estate sector. The minimum downpayment for a first-time buyer of a residence smaller than 90 square meters was reduced to 20 percent from 30 percent.     Interest rates on mortgages for first-time buyers were cut 0.27percentage point. The floor for interest rates was lowered to 70 percent of the central bank's benchmark rate.     The central bank cut benchmark interest rates by 0.27 percentage point as of Oct. 30, the third such move in six weeks.     The benchmark one-year deposit rate dropped to 3.60 percent from 3.87 percent, while the benchmark one-year lending rate fell from 6.93 percent to 6.66 percent.     Tax rebates were raised for 3,486 export items as of Nov. 1. The adjustment covered such labor-intensive industries as textiles, toys, garments, and high-tech products, accounting for 25.8 percent of products covered by customs tariffs. Rebate rates run roughly from 9 percent to 14 percent.     On Nov. 9, state councilors announced a four-trillion-yuan (583.9 billion U.S. dollars) economic-stimulus package, which was seen as the most exciting stimuli in 10 years.     To boost consumption, particularly in the rural areas where 900 million people inhabited, was important part of efforts to expand domestic demand, observers believed.     China has launched a scheme to subsidize rural residents for buying home appliances since the end of 2007. It is estimated that in a period of four years, nearly 480 million units of refrigerators, washing machines, color TV sets and cell phones, which were in huge demand among farmers, will be sold in rural areas nationwide. That means 920 billion yuan to be spent by rural consumers.     "There is still a large room for the government to mull more policies to boost consumption, such as raising the threshold for taxable income and increasing income for lower-income earners," said Cai Zhizhou, an economist with the prestigious Peking University.     Export has since long been a major driving force for the Chinese economy. Economists believed the stable development of smaller enterprises, particularly the exporters, which provided jobs for 75 percent of urban employees and rural migrant workers, was related to the stability of the enormous Chinese labor market.     How to prevent export from sliding down too fast is one of the top concerns of the Chinese government.     "It is no doubt that China's export situation will become more grim next year. However, if the country manages to maintain a moderately fast growth in foreign sales of machines and electronics, it will likely achieve a growth of more than 15 percent in export at large," said Mei Xinyu, a trade expert with the Ministry of Commerce.     China has taken a string of measures to boost development of smaller enterprises.     "It is necessary for the government to work out more detailed, effective methods to mitigate tax burdens and enhance credit support for smaller businesses, and to help them with their efforts to promote technical upgrading and explore more markets," said Zhao Yumin, another economist with the Ministry of Commerce.     The service sector, which was able to provide numerous jobs, was yet to be expanded substantially, Zhao added.     Zhang Xiaojing, a senior economist with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that it was definitely wrong for China to waive long-term goals for short-term interests. He believed that to promote the shift of economic growth pattern and maintain the sustainable economic growth would be one of the important topics for the ongoing Central Economic Work Conference.

BEIJING, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao on Friday called for a stronger high-level dialogue mechanism with the United States.     "China and the United States should continue to step up their high-level dialogue mechanism for substantive cooperation and stronger bilateral relations," Hu told visiting U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) meets with United States Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 5, 2008.     Their meeting came after China and the United States concluded their two-day Strategic Economic Dialogue (SED), which produced 40 agreements in areas ranging from finance and trade to energy and the environment.     Included in Paulson's high-profile delegation were the U.S. secretaries of agriculture, labor, health and the environment, among others.     Led by Vice Premier Wang Qishan, the Chinese delegation included more than 10 ministers from such areas as finance, development and reform, agriculture, labor, commerce, health, the environment and the central bank.     "The two delegations should summarize the good experience and practice of the SED talks and jointly implement the consensus and agreements that are reached," Hu said.     Initiated by the two presidents in 2006, the biannual SED is the highest level of bilateral economic dialogue.     Hailing the positive outcomes of the talks, Hu said the dialogue was a success because the talks stuck to comprehensive, strategic and long-term issues and served bilateral economic and trade cooperation, as well as the overall bilateral relationship.     The successes also lay in the fact that the two sides took care of both nations' interests and concerns, broadened fields of bilateral cooperation and cultivated new areas for growth, Hu said.     "The dialogue helped the two nations increase mutual trust, narrow their differences and properly address the problems arising from the cooperation," Hu said. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) meets with United States Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 5, 2008.     "China-U.S. relations now stand in an important era connecting the past and the future," President said.     China values its ties with the United States and sees the 30th anniversary of diplomatic ties as an opportunity, Hu said.     "Let's maintain the direction of the constructive cooperation, step up dialogue, increase mutual trust, expand cooperation and take the bilateral relationship to a new high," Hu said.     Paulson said the launch of the SED was a farsighted strategic decision made by the presidents of the two nations.     The just-concluded dialogue was the final SED meeting for Paulson, who will step down next January.     Paulson, a key figure in establishing the SED mechanism, hailed the role of the SED in boosting bilateral trade relations and promoting the world economy over the past two years.     The SED succeeded in dealing with the strategic economic relations, addressing the complicated and subtle issues and promoting the bilateral ties, he said.     On U.S.-China relationship, Paulson said it was one of the most important bilateral relations in the world.     He reaffirmed that the United States would like to work with China to further boost their ties.

唐山镭射激光除皱术

LIMA, Nov. 22 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao put forward proposals for dealing with major issues in international economic and social development and tackling the ongoing global financial crisis at the 16th APEC economic leaders' meeting here on Saturday. 　　ADDRESSING INT'L PROMINENT ISSUES     Hu presented five proposals for addressing the prominent issues in international economic and social development.     First, APEC member economies should build consensus and promote sound development of the multilateral trading regime, Hu said.     "A fair and open multilateral trading regime is conducive to the steady growth of regional and global trade, to the sound growth of the world economy and to the benefits of all parties," he said.     "We should have strong confidence in the multilateral trading regime and give strong support to the Doha Round negotiations," he added.     Second, APEC member economies should take up responsibilities and jointly tackle climate change, he stressed.     All parties should, in keeping with the requirement of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol and the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities," actively conduct negotiations for the implementation of the "Bali Roadmap" and take effective policy measures in light of their respective conditions to mitigate climate change.     Third, exchanges and cooperation should be conducted and efforts joined to combat natural disasters, Hu said.     In order to increase exchanges and cooperation in disaster response in the Asia-Pacific region, China has put forward the APEC Principles on Disaster Response and Cooperation this year, he said.     "It is also our hope that APEC members will consider carrying out long-term cooperation projects in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction so as to deepen APEC cooperation in disaster prevention and relief," he added.     Fourth, regulation and guidance should be enhanced and corporate social responsibility strengthened, he said.     "An important lesson we have learned from the ongoing financial crisis is that while trying to maximize economic returns, enterprises should follow a prudent, well-thought-out and responsible approach in market operations," he added.     Fifth, APEC members should take coordinated actions and ensure world food and energy security, Hu emphasized.     "We should, following the principle of common development, actively and effectively coordinate our policies and resort to a variety of joint measures to safeguard world food and energy security," he said.     "We should establish and act on a new energy security concept that calls for mutually beneficial cooperation, diverse forms of development and common energy security through coordination," he added.     TACKLING FINANCIAL CRISIS     "The rapidly-spreading international financial crisis, with its extensive impact, constitutes the most severe challenge confronting world economic growth," Hu said.     It is a major and urgent task for all countries and regions to deal effectively with financial risks, maintain international financial stability and promote world economic development, he added, lodging three proposals.     First, to curb the worsening financial crisis, all countries should take prompt and effective measures, enhance macroeconomic policy coordination, improve information sharing, help each other as much as possible, and employ all necessary fiscal and monetary means to stop the spread and development of the financial crisis, bring stability to global financial markets, stimulate economic growth, minimize the damage of the financial crisis on the real economy and avoid a global economic recession.     Second, the international community should earnestly draw lessons from the ongoing financial crisis and, based on full consultations among all stakeholders, undertake necessary reform of the international financial system in a comprehensive, balanced, incremental and result-oriented way, with a view to establishing anew international financial order that is fair, just, inclusive and orderly and fostering an institutional environment conducive to sound global economic development.     "The reform of the international financial system should both reflect the general law and principles of financial regulation and take into account the specific development stage and unique features of different economies," he said.     It should seek a balance among the interests of all parties and reflects, in particular, the interests of emerging markets and developing countries, he added.     Third, from a long-term perspective, it is necessary to change those models of economic growth that are not sustainable and to address the underlying problems in member economies.     "We should also pay adequate attention to the impact of the financial crisis on the developing world and provide necessary support to relevant countries to help them maintain growth momentum," he pointed out. 　　APEC'S FURTHER DEVELOPMENT     On APEC's development, President Hu said China is ready to work with other APEC members to promote its further development.     Since its launch almost 20 years ago, APEC has done a great deal in promoting trade and investment liberalization and facilitation and economic and technical cooperation, thus making positive contribution to regional economic integration and the building of an Asia-Pacific family, President Hu said.     The host of major reform measures adopted within the APEC framework in recent years have improved APEC's organizing and coordinating capabilities and significantly enhanced the dynamism and efficiency of APEC cooperation, Hu said.     To promote the further development of APEC, "we should maintain the nature of APEC as a forum for economic cooperation and its approach of conducting cooperation on a non-binding basis, as this best suits the diversity prevailing in the Asia-Pacific," the Chinese president said.     He said that the APEC members should continue to promote balanced progress in economic and technical cooperation and trade and investment liberalization.     "In particular, we should increase input in economic and technical cooperation to enhance capacity-building in developing members and narrow the development gap."     Hu arrived here on Wednesday for a state visit to Peru and the Economic Leaders' Informal Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC).     The APEC economic leaders' meeting opened in Lima on Saturday to discuss such issues as the ongoing global financial crisis, the Doha Round trade talks and food security.     The two-day meeting would also discuss the APEC regional economic integration, corporate social responsibility, human security, APEC institutional reform, trade and investment, structural reform, anti-corruption and transparency, economic and technical cooperation, and climate change.

Premier Wen Jiabao is in Russia for a visit.     "Currently, women account for 45.4 percent of China's total employed population," said All-China Women's Federation (ACWF) Deputy-Chairwoman Huang Qingyi, who delivered a work report on behalf of the ninth ACWF Executive Committee.     Huang said there were nearly 700,000 women models working in various circles who had greatly inspired people.     Exemplar women included Ren Changxia, a late policewoman in central Henan Province who devoted herself to her police career and died of fatigue at 40, and Song Yushui, a judge in a Beijing district court who has long been engaged in handling cases involving economic and intellectual property rights issues. Gu Xiulian, chairwoman of the All-China Women's Federation (ACWF), presides over the opening ceremony of the 10th National Women's Congress at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, on Oct. 28, 2008. Chinese women also played larger role in the political sector. Female deputies comprised 21.33 percent of the National People's Congress (NPC), up 1.09 percentage points from the previous congress, and women make up 17.7 percent of the 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), up 1 percentage point.     The proportion of female deputies to the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was also up two percentage points, said Huang, adding "women have become an important force pushing forward political development".     She said the education gap between men and women has narrowed as proportions of women receiving various levels of education have increased steadily, with their mind continuing to be emancipated and concept updated and employment improved. The 10th National Women's Congress opens at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, on Oct. 28, 2008. China's maternal mortality rate has reduced to 36.6 per 100,000 from 51.3 per 100,000 in 2003, and the infant mortality rate has dropped to 15.3 per 1,000 from 25.5 per 1,000 in 2003, according to Huang.     She said more and more women bought various social securities and women's life expectancy reached 75.25 years.     Statistics show more than 27,000 women and children rights protection agencies had been set up to handle cases involving rights infringement. The 10th National Women's Congress opens at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, on Oct. 28, 2008Women of ethnic minority groups and those who were religious believers were also greatly motivated to contribute to the social development, Huang said, adding mainland women groups had conduced various exchanges with their counterparts in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.     International exchanges such as bilateral and multilateral visits were well under way, with the ACWF having established friendship with 697 women and children groups in 164 countries and regions.     The five-day congress will hear and discuss a work report by the Nineth Executive Committee of the ACWF, deliberate and adopt amendments to the federation's constitution, and elect the 10th ACWF Executive Committee.     ACWF Chairwoman Gu Xiulian said 1,407 delegates from across the country were present at the once-every-five-year congress. Among the 1,280 elected delegates, 1,020 of them are newly elected. Each of China's 55 ethnic minorities has at least one delegate to the congress.     Officials in charge of women affairs from Beijing and other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, ACWF former leaders and representatives from Hong Kong and Macao, also attended the congress.

唐山鼻翼缩小需要全麻还是局麻

BEIJING, Oct. 17 (Xinhua) -- China issued new rules on reporting activities by foreign correspondents on its territory late Friday, allowing them to interview without application to foreign affairs departments.     "The new rules follow the major principles and spirits of the media regulations introduced for the Beijing Olympics," Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Jianchao said at a late night press conference.     The conference began 15 minutes before the expiry of the temporary Olympic rules, which were introduced on January 1, 2007 and removed media restrictions on foreign reporters during the Beijing Games.     "In the form of a long-lasting law, the 23-item new rules make that temporary arrangement a standard practice," Liu said.     "The new regulations are significantly different from those issued in 1990," spokesman said.     Foreign reporters wishing to interview organizations or individuals in China no longer need to be received and accompanied by the Chinese organizations, Liu said.     It canceled an item in the old version that asked foreign reporters to get approval from the local government's foreign affairs department when they wanted to do reporting in the regions open to them.     The new rules also lifted an item asking them to get approval from the Foreign Ministry when they wanted to visit the regions not open to them and register at the police.     "Foreign reporters still need to ask for permission to do reporting in Tibet and other areas that are off-limits to foreign reporters, like some military facilities," Liu said.     The 17th item of the new rules said foreign reporters need to gain agreement from the person or organization to be interviewed while they are working in China.     According to the new rules, permanent offices of foreign media and reporters can "temporarily" import, install and use radio communication devices for news reporting after gaining approvals from the Chinese government according to laws.     "China adopts a basic policy of opening up to the outside world, protects the lawful rights and interests of the permanent offices of foreign media organizations and foreign journalists in accordance with law, and facilitates their news coverage and reporting activities that are carried out according to law," the new rules said.     The rules asked resident foreign reporters to apply for a press card to the Foreign Ministry or local foreign affairs departments within seven working days after their arrival in China.     With press cards, they also need to get residency cards from the local police where they are to stay.     Press cards of those who stay in China for less than six months every year will be revoked, the document said.     Resident foreign reporters or those for short-term news reporting in China shall apply a journalist visa.     The new rules do not ask resident foreign reporters to renew their press cards annually.     Permanent offices of foreign media and reporters may hire Chinese citizens to do auxiliary work but have to hire them organizations designated by the Foreign Ministry or local governments to provide services to foreign nationals, according to the new rules.     The new rules took effect from Oct. 17.

BEIJING, Jan. 29 (Xinhua) -- China has set a frugal tone for its once-for-a-decade dress parade on Oct. 1 amid an economic downturn, promising that the military could strike a balance between morale-boosting spectacle and financial prudence.     Colonel Cai Huailie with the headquarters of the general staff of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) confirmed a rumor that the parade showcasing China's latest military achievement will be conducted in an economical way.     "Chinese military forces have a tradition of fulfilling large causes by spending less money," Senior Colonel Chen Zhou, an expert with the PLA's Military Science Academy, said in an online communication with netizens on eve of China's Spring Festival.     "We could see that the parade on National Day would be solemn and cost-effective," said Chen who has participated in drafting China's national defense white paper six times.     A number of netizens also questioned whether China would shrink its defense spending since the financial crisis has already cut the budgets of numerous enterprises and directly impacts the country's export-oriented companies.     Colonel Wen Bing, a researcher with the academy, said although China has raised it defense spending thanks to annual growing revenue, it has never gone beyond endurable economy.     Wen also revealed that the defense budget has been made according to China's laws and it will be submitted for approval to the annual session of National People's Congress, the top legislature, in March.     The third of its kind since China adopted the reform and opening-up policy three decades ago, the dress parade of the Chinese armed forces under the command of President and Chairman of the Central Military Commission Hu Jintao will display home-grown on-duty weapon systems of all the services.     In the last two parades, in 1984 and 1999, late leader Deng Xiaoping and former President Jiang Zemin reviewed troops representing millions of service people.     Such parades were frequent before 1984, with 11 parades in the 11 years after the PRC was founded on Oct. 1, 1949. It was suspended after 1959 until 1984 when Deng decided to resume the pageantry to rouse the nation on the track toward a liberalized economy.     The last parade on Oct. 1, 1999 involved more than 11,000 military staff, 400 combat vehicles and 132 aircraft. The servicemen trained for the synchronized marches and hailing slogans for about 10 months.     It is reported that the total cost of that parade will be kept at less than 300 million yuan (44.1 million U.S. dollars) and overseas rumors said it could be as many as 16 billion yuan.     The PLA's Navy has made impressive progress since its foundation in 1949. It has just sent three warships to the Gulf of Aden for an escort mission against piracy.     Although the Defense Ministry has not confirmed whether the dress parade will include a naval performance in China's waters, Colonel Cai said that there will be new weapons and equipment that have not been unveiled to the public since 1999.     Before the official announcement of the parade, an online debate on www.huanqiu.com about whether the government should hold a magnificent parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of founding of the People's Republic of China had shown that more than 85 percent of the netizens voted yes. But it has not yet muted voices suggesting the authorities reconsider the parade.     "China has many fields that need capital investment after the major earthquake in Wenchuan. The government should use the taxpayers' money in more important and practical undertakings rather than parade," a netizen named "tomato boy" said.     "Military parades are an outcome of the cold war. Our weapons are modern and powerful, but we are not in any cold war," a netizen "a common man" said.     But those who overwhelmingly support the parade agree that the parade will bring encouragement to overcome difficulties amid economic downturn.     Dong Hongda, a senior online poster on www.xinhua.org, has worked out proposals on how to make the parade more cost-effective.     First, the government should control the parade in a proper scale by cutting the number of marching soldiers to a number that represents the quality of the PLA's elite.     Second, take out the female militia procession, since they are garish and dispensable part for the parade.     Third, reduce the duration of the training for the parade, since a large proportion of the parade expense will be spent in selecting the soldiers and training them, Dong said.